RBSE SS Voc Apparel flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Moisture regain of cotton

About 8.5 percent under standard conditions. Cotton is a cellulose fibre that absorbs moisture well, feels comfortable next to skin, and is weaker when wet than when dry.

Direct yarn count system

Count expressed as weight per fixed length, such as tex (grams per 1000 m) or denier (grams per 9000 m). A higher number means a coarser, heavier yarn.

Mercerising finish

Treatment of cotton with strong caustic soda under tension. It increases lustre, tensile strength and dye uptake, and improves dimensional stability of the finished cotton fabric.

Sanforising

A mechanical compressive shrinkage process applied to cotton fabric. It reduces residual shrinkage so that garments made from the fabric stay close to their original size after washing.

Satin weave characteristics

Warp or weft floats cross over several threads, giving a smooth, lustrous face and a dull back. Float length makes the fabric prone to snagging and abrasion.

Grain line marking

A line drawn on the pattern parallel to the warp direction of the fabric. It must align with the fabric length so the garment hangs and fits correctly.

Grading in pattern making

Systematic increase or decrease of a base-size pattern by set increments at each measurement point to create the full size range, preserving fit and balance.

Dart manipulation

Moving the intake of a dart from one position to another around a fixed pivot point without altering the fit or the total amount of fabric taken up.

Lockstitch 301

A two-thread stitch formed by needle thread interlocking with bobbin thread. It is strong and non-stretching, used for most seams, topstitching and edge finishing.

Overlock stitch function

A multi-thread edge stitch that trims the seam allowance and encases the raw edge in loops. It prevents ravelling and provides stretch on knitted garments.

Differential feed

A feature on overlock and coverstitch machines with two feed dogs moving at different rates. It prevents puckering or stretching of knit seams.

Skipped stitch cause

Usually a bent or wrong-size needle, incorrect needle-to-hook timing, poor thread tension, or thread too thick for the needle eye and groove.

Batik resist technique

A surface patterning method where molten wax is applied to fabric before dyeing. Waxed areas resist dye, and cracking wax creates characteristic fine veined lines.

Appliqué attachment

A cut shape is placed on a base fabric, tacked in position, and its raw edges secured with satin stitch, blanket stitch or a narrow zigzag.

Half-drop repeat

A print layout where alternate vertical columns of the motif are shifted down by half the repeat height, producing a less rigid and more diagonal appearance.

Technical flat drawing

A scaled, figure-free line drawing of a garment showing seams, topstitching, trims and construction details. It communicates design intent to pattern makers and production.

Value and saturation

Value is the lightness or darkness of a colour; saturation is its intensity or purity. Tints add white, shades add black, and tones add grey to a hue.

Complementary colour scheme

Two hues opposite each other on the colour wheel, such as red and green. The pairing gives maximum contrast and is used for emphasis rather than large areas.

Crocking fastness

Resistance of a dyed fabric to colour transfer when rubbed. It is tested dry and wet against white cloth and graded on a grey scale, usually from 1 to 5.

Progressive bundle system

A production method where cut pieces are bundled by size and colour and move sequentially between operators, each performing one operation. It suits large, standardised orders.

Line balancing

Assigning operations to workstations so that each operator's cycle time is close to the bottleneck time, minimising waiting and work-in-progress on the line.

AQL sampling

Acceptable Quality Level sampling uses tables to decide, from a sample drawn from a lot, whether to accept or reject the lot based on a maximum defect count.

Four-point fabric inspection

A grading system for woven fabric defects: a defect is scored 1 to 4 points depending on its length, and the total points per 100 square yards determines acceptance.

Break-even quantity

Fixed cost divided by the difference between selling price per unit and variable cost per unit. It gives the number of units needed to cover all costs.

Fabric consumption calculation

Marker length multiplied by marker width, divided by garment area, plus wastage for matching, end loss and cutting. It determines fabric cost per garment.

Proto and fit samples

The proto sample checks design feasibility; the fit sample checks size and fit on a model before pattern corrections are approved for production.

Needle guard

A safety device fitted around the sewing machine needle that shields the operator's fingers from the needle path and reduces puncture injuries.

Ergonomic workstation setup

Chair and table height adjusted so elbows sit near table level, feet supported, and work within easy reach. It reduces fatigue and musculoskeletal strain.

Effluent treatment in dyeing

Wastewater from dyeing and finishing is treated to remove colour, suspended solids and chemicals before discharge, meeting limits set by pollution control authorities.

Burn test for fibre identification

A small fibre sample is burned and the flame, odour and ash are observed: paper smell with grey ash suggests cellulose, burnt-hair smell suggests protein, melting bead suggests synthetic.

Portfolio evidence

A structured collection of mood boards, flats, swatches, pattern pieces, construction samples and photographs with cost sheets, showing the process and final outcome of project work.

Muslin toile purpose

A test garment sewn in inexpensive fabric to check fit, balance, ease and dart position before cutting the final fashion fabric.