RSMSSB CHO key terms

A Rajasthan rural sanitation initiative that promotes toilet construction, waste management and hygiene awareness in villages, implemented through panchayati raj institutions with community participation and incentive-based funding for eligible households.

A certification status given to a village, block or district where no household defecates in the open, all homes have access to a toilet and safe sanitation practices are sustained through monitoring.

A trained female community health volunteer, chosen from and accountable to the local community, who links households to health services, promotes maternal and child care and receives performance-based incentives.

A frontline female health worker based at a sub-centre who provides antenatal and postnatal care, immunisation, family planning services and basic curative care, and supervises ASHAs in her area.

The lowest rung of the public health delivery system, staffed by an ANM and a male health worker, serving about 5,000 people in plains and 3,000 in hilly or tribal areas with basic services.

The first referral unit of the rural public health system, typically serving 20,000 to 30,000 people, staffed by medical officers and offering outpatient care, maternal care and referral services.

A block-level health facility serving about 80,000 to 120,000 people, providing specialist outpatient and inpatient care, surgery, obstetrics and referral support as a first referral hospital.

A national scheme giving cash assistance to pregnant women, especially from poor and rural families, conditional on institutional delivery and antenatal care, to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.

A scheme providing free delivery, caesarean, drugs, diagnostics, diet and transport to pregnant women and free treatment for sick newborns in public health facilities, eliminating out-of-pocket costs.

A child health programme that screens children from birth to 18 years for defects, deficiencies, diseases and disabilities through mobile health teams and district early intervention centres.

India's revised tuberculosis control programme, formerly RNTCP, using free diagnosis, DOTS treatment, Nikshay notification and nutritional support, with the goal of eliminating TB as a public health problem.

Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course: a tuberculosis treatment strategy in which a trained observer watches the patient swallow each dose, ensuring adherence and reducing drug resistance.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, caused by bacilli resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, requiring longer treatment with second-line drugs and careful monitoring for adverse effects.

A web-based case management system for tuberculosis in which every diagnosed patient is notified, treatment and outcomes are tracked, and incentives to patients and providers are recorded.

The nationally recommended timetable of vaccines given by age, including BCG, hepatitis B, OPV, pentavalent, rotavirus, PCV, measles-rubella and DPT boosters, tracked through the U-WIN or similar records.

The system of refrigerators, cold boxes, vaccine carriers and temperature monitoring that keeps vaccines within the required 2 to 8 degrees Celsius range from manufacture to administration, preserving potency.

A heat-sensitive label on a vaccine vial that changes colour cumulatively with heat exposure, helping health workers decide whether a vial may still be used.

An organised process of moving a patient from a lower-level facility to a higher-level one for services beyond local capacity, with written communication, transport and feedback to ensure continuity of care.

A diagnostic test measuring chloride concentration in sweat after pilocarpine stimulation, used to confirm cystic fibrosis; elevated values in an infant with respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms are significant.

Standard adult reference ranges: temperature about 36.5 to 37.5 degrees Celsius, pulse 60 to 100 per minute, respiration 12 to 20 per minute, blood pressure near 120/80 mmHg and oxygen saturation above 95 percent.

A non-invasive method using light absorption to estimate arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate, commonly applied to the finger or ear lobe and useful in detecting hypoxaemia.

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared; used to classify underweight, normal, overweight and obesity, and, together with waist measurement, to assess nutritional and cardiovascular risk.

A condition of reduced haemoglobin or red cell mass, commonly from iron deficiency, causing fatigue, pallor and breathlessness; in India it is addressed through iron-folic acid supplementation and dietary counselling.

A programme providing weekly iron and folic acid tablets to adolescents in schools and out-of-school settings, with screening and referral, to reduce anaemia prevalence.

The rapid sorting of patients by urgency of need so that limited staff and resources are used first for those who will benefit most, using colour-coded or category-based priority systems.

The interaction of agent, host and environment that explains the occurrence of disease, used to plan prevention by modifying any one of the three components.

Indirect protection of unvaccinated people that arises when a sufficiently large proportion of a population is immune, reducing transmission and outbreak risk.

Incidence counts new cases arising in a population over a period; prevalence counts all existing cases at a point or period, so a disease can have high prevalence but low incidence.

The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births in a given period, reflecting obstetric risk, access to delivery care and quality of emergency services.

The three-tier rural local government system of gram panchayat, panchayat samiti and zila parishad, established by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment and central to implementing health and sanitation schemes.

A national law guaranteeing at least 100 days of unskilled wage employment per rural household per year, with provisions for unemployment allowance and social audit.

A major irrigation canal in western Rajasthan, drawing water from the Harike barrage on the Sutra river system, which has transformed agriculture and settlement in the desert districts.

The arid region of western Rajasthan characterised by sand dunes, low and erratic rainfall, high evaporation and sparse vegetation, shaping water scarcity and health risks such as heat illness.

A local folk deity worshipped in Rajasthan, such as Pabuji, Tejaji or Gogaji, associated with specific communities, fairs and oral epics, reflecting regional religious traditions.

Regional musical traditions including Manganiyar and Langa repertoires, instruments such as the kartal, ravanhattha and morchang, and devotional or narrative songs tied to local communities.

An annual cattle and cultural fair held at Pushkar near Ajmer, famous for camel trading, bathing rituals at Pushkar lake and folk performances that draw pilgrims and tourists.

The state day observed on 30 March, commemorating the formation of Rajasthan through the integration of princely states, marked by cultural programmes and official events.

Binary storage measures in which 8 bits make a byte, 1024 bytes a kilobyte, 1024 kilobytes a megabyte, and so on through gigabyte and terabyte, used in computer awareness questions.

Keyboard combinations that trigger commands, such as Ctrl+C to copy, Ctrl+V to paste, Ctrl+Z to undo and Ctrl+P to print, commonly tested in computer literacy sections.

Hardware that sends data into a computer, such as keyboard, mouse and scanner, versus hardware that presents results, such as monitor, printer and speaker.