TSPSC AMVI flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Article 32

Constitutional remedy under which a person may move the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights; called the heart and soul of the Constitution by Dr B. R. Ambedkar.

Telangana formation date

2 June 2014, when the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 took effect and Telangana became the 29th state of India with Hyderabad as its capital.

Successive percentage change

Two successive changes of a percent and b percent produce a net change of a + b + ab/100 percent; enter a decrease as a negative value in the formula.

Section 3 MV Act

Prohibits driving a motor vehicle in a public place without holding an effective driving licence, and requires the licence to be produced on demand by a police officer.

Section 129 MV Act

Mandates that every person riding or being carried on a motorcycle in a public place wear protective headgear conforming to the standards prescribed by the Central Government.

Section 185 MV Act

Punishes driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, where the alcohol level in blood exceeds thirty milligrams per hundred millilitres, as measured by a breath analyser.

Section 146 MV Act

Requires every motor vehicle used in a public place to be covered by a policy of insurance against third-party risks, with penalties for driving uninsured vehicles.

Section 166 MV Act

Allows an application for compensation to a Motor Accident Claims Tribunal by the injured person or the legal heirs of a deceased victim of a motor accident.

Form 23 CMVR

The certificate of registration issued by the registering authority under the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989, recording the vehicle's registration number and owner details.

CMVR Rule 126

Prescribes requirements for pneumatic tyres, including minimum tread depth, freedom from cuts and bulges, and prohibition of mixing different tyre sizes on the same axle.

Pollution under control certificate

Certificate issued after testing a vehicle's exhaust emissions against prescribed limits; it is valid for six months initially and one year for new vehicles thereafter.

Motor Vehicles Amendment Act 2019

Amended the 1988 Act by raising penalties, creating the National Road Safety Board and the Motor Vehicle Accident Fund, and enabling electronic challans and cashless treatment.

Clutch torque capacity

Torque transmitted by a friction clutch equals mu times n times W times R, where n is the number of friction surfaces, W the clamping force and R the effective radius.

Gear ratio

Ratio of the number of teeth on the driven gear to that on the driving gear; multiplying it by the final drive ratio gives the overall reduction from engine to wheels.

Ackermann steering geometry

Arrangement in which the inner front wheel turns through a larger angle than the outer wheel during a turn, so that all wheels roll about a common centre point.

Damping ratio

For a suspension of stiffness k, damper coefficient c and mass m, the ratio zeta equals c divided by twice the square root of k times m; unity means critical damping.

Braking distance formula

Distance needed to stop equals v squared divided by twice mu g; adding the reaction distance v times reaction time gives the total stopping distance.

Caster angle

Tilt of the steering axis in side view; positive caster places the top of the axis rearward and provides self-centring and directional stability at speed.

Compression ratio

Ratio of the cylinder volume above the piston at bottom dead centre to that at top dead centre; it equals swept volume plus clearance volume divided by clearance volume.

Otto cycle efficiency

Ideal efficiency equals one minus one divided by compression ratio raised to the power gamma minus one, with gamma near 1.4 for air.

Cetane number

Measure of the ignition quality of diesel fuel; a higher cetane number shortens the ignition delay after injection and gives smoother combustion with less diesel knock.

Three-way catalytic converter

Device that oxidises carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons while reducing nitrogen oxides, working effectively only within a narrow air-fuel window around the stoichiometric ratio.

Volumetric efficiency

Ratio of the actual volume of air inducted per cycle to the swept volume of the engine; it decreases at high speed because of intake flow losses.

Lead-acid battery cell voltage

A fully charged lead-acid cell delivers about 2.1 volts, so a six-cell battery used in cars provides about 12.6 volts at rest and higher under charging.

Alternator rectifier

Six-diode bridge that converts the three-phase alternating current generated in the alternator stator winding into direct current for charging the battery and supplying loads.

Series-wound starter motor

Direct current motor whose field winding is in series with the armature, giving very high starting torque that falls as speed rises, suited to cranking an engine.

CAN bus termination

Controller area network uses a twisted pair carrying differential signals and requires a 120-ohm resistor at each end of the bus to prevent reflections and ensure reliable communication.

Fitness certificate

Document issued under Section 56 certifying that a transport vehicle meets prescribed standards of roadworthiness, renewed at intervals after inspection of brakes, steering, lights and emissions.

Skid mark speed estimate

Speed before braking is estimated as the square root of twice mu g d, where mu is the drag factor and d the measured skid length on the road surface.

Coefficient of restitution

Ratio of relative separation speed to relative approach speed of two vehicles after and before impact; zero indicates a perfectly plastic collision with no rebound.

Two-second rule

A safe following distance is maintained when the driver passes a fixed roadside object at least two seconds after the vehicle ahead, allowing time to react.

Headlamp beam setter

Instrument used during inspection to check that the headlamp cut-off pattern and aim fall within prescribed tolerances, preventing dazzle to oncoming road users.