UPMSP Intermediate Technical Drawing key terms

A drawing instrument with a long straight edge and a perpendicular stock, used to draw horizontal lines and guide set squares for vertical or angled lines.

A triangular drawing tool with fixed angles (usually 45°-45°-90° or 30°-60°-90°) used with a T-square to draw lines at specific angles.

A flat, stable surface on which drawing paper is fixed and instruments are used to produce technical drawings.

A drawing instrument with two legs, one holding a pencil or pen, used to draw circles and arcs of specified radius.

A drawing instrument with two pointed legs used to transfer measurements and to divide lines or arcs into equal parts.

A template with various curved edges used to draw smooth irregular curves that cannot be produced with a compass.

A semicircular or circular instrument graduated in degrees, used to measure and lay out angles on a drawing.

A standard-sized sheet of paper or drafting film on which a technical drawing is prepared, often with a title block and border.

A rectangular area, usually at the bottom right of a drawing sheet, containing information such as drawing title, scale, date, and drafter's name.

A specific style of line, such as continuous thick, continuous thin, dashed, or chain, used to convey different meanings in a drawing.

A dashed line used to represent edges or outlines that are not visible from the current view of an object.

A chain line consisting of long and short dashes used to indicate axes of symmetry, centres of circles, and pitch circles.

The style and technique of writing text on technical drawings, typically using single-stroke capital letters that are legible and uniform.

A light horizontal line drawn to control the height and alignment of lettering in a drawing.

A thin line with arrowheads at both ends, drawn between extension lines to indicate the extent and direction of a dimension.

A thin line extending from the feature being dimensioned to the dimension line, showing the boundaries of the measurement.

A pointed symbol placed at the ends of dimension lines to show the exact limits of a dimension.

The process of drawing accurate geometric figures, such as perpendiculars, bisectors, and polygons, using only drawing instruments.

A line or plane that divides an angle or a line segment into two equal parts.

The ratio between a length on a drawing and the corresponding actual length of the object it represents.

The ratio of a drawing length to the actual length, expressed as a fraction such as 1:100, used to define the scale.

A method of representing a three-dimensional object by projecting its views onto mutually perpendicular planes using parallel lines perpendicular to those planes.

The orthographic view obtained by looking at an object from the front, showing its width and height.

The orthographic view obtained by looking at an object from above, showing its width and depth.

The drawing of orthographic views of three-dimensional geometric solids such as prisms, pyramids, cylinders, and cones in various orientations.

An imaginary cutting plane used to expose the interior of a solid, producing a sectional view in a drawing.

The actual shape and size of a section or surface when viewed perpendicular to its plane, without distortion.

A pattern of thin, evenly spaced parallel lines used to indicate the cut surfaces in a sectional view.

The process of unfolding a three-dimensional surface onto a flat plane to produce its true shape, used for making patterns.

The curve or curves formed where two solid surfaces meet or penetrate each other, shown in orthographic views.

A pictorial projection in which the three principal axes are equally inclined and drawn 120° apart, giving a three-dimensional view without perspective.

A pictorial projection in which one face of the object is drawn true shape and parallel, while receding edges are drawn at an angle, often 45°.

A scale used in isometric drawings where lengths along the isometric axes are reduced by a factor of about 0.816 to compensate for foreshortening.

A helical ridge on a cylindrical surface, used in fasteners such as screws and bolts to transmit motion or hold parts together.

A common threaded fastener assembly consisting of a bolt with an external thread and a nut with an internal thread, used to join parts.

A machine element that supports a rotating or sliding shaft, reducing friction and maintaining alignment.

A drawing that shows the plan, elevation, and sections of a building or structure, including dimensions and construction details.

A horizontal section through a building, viewed from above, showing the arrangement of walls, doors, windows, and rooms.

An orthographic view of a building or object as seen from the front, side, or rear, showing its height and external features.