WBBSE Madhyamik Urdu (First Language) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Markazi khayal

The central idea of a prose lesson or poem. In answers, state it in one sentence and support it with a short quoted phrase from the prescribed text.

Musannif

The author of a prescribed prose lesson. Madhyamik items often ask for the author's name and the book it is taken from, so memorise each pair.

Character sketch method

Name the figure, cite one incident from the lesson that reveals the trait, then name the trait in a single Urdu word such as bahadur or sachcha.

Unwan ki munasibat

Justifying a lesson's title. Link the title to the main event and the main character, showing why no other title fits the lesson better.

Sabaq ka maqsad

The moral purpose of a lesson. State the value shown, the incident demonstrating it, and one line connecting it to ordinary life.

Tashrih

Explanation of a verse or phrase. Give the literal meaning first, then the inner idea, then one poetic device used in the line.

Radeef

The word or words repeated at the end of every line of a ghazal or ghazal-style nazm, after the qafiya. Quoting it answers radeef identification items.

Qafiya

The rhyming word that comes immediately before the radeef and changes from couplet to couplet, giving the poem its internal rhyme pattern.

Tashbeeh

Simile in Urdu rhetoric: an explicit comparison using words such as jaise or ki tarah, as in comparing a beloved's face to the moon.

Istiara

Metaphor in Urdu rhetoric: a comparison implied without jaise or ki tarah, where one thing is directly called another for poetic effect.

Nazm ka mazmun

The theme of a poem. Answer with one sentence of statement plus one quoted line as evidence, rather than paraphrasing the whole poem.

Shayar

The poet of a prescribed nazm. Identifying the poet and, where known, the collection is a recurring one-mark item in the poetry section.

Plot map

A one-line summary per chapter of the Rapid Reader, listing the key character, the turning decision, and the outcome, for fast factual recall.

Protagonist change

For supplementary prose, state how the main character differs between the chapter's opening and close; this answers sabaq kya hai items.

Turning decision

The single choice by a character that changes the story's direction. Rapid Reader cause-and-effect items usually target this choice and its consequence.

Setting (jagah)

The town, region, or place where a supplementary chapter occurs. Place-based questions are answered by the location named in the text.

Ism-e-zat

A noun naming a specific being or thing, such as a person or city, as opposed to an abstract idea or a derived form.

Ism-e-maani

An abstract noun naming a quality or idea rather than a physical being, for example honesty or courage, classified by what the word denotes.

Zameer-e-mausooli

A relative pronoun such as jo, which links a clause to the noun it describes; its type is decided by its function in the sentence.

Sifat-mausuf agreement

An adjective must match the noun it describes in gender and number: achcha larka, achche larke, achchi larki, achchiyan larkiyan.

Wahid se jam'a

Singular-to-plural patterns: final -a becomes -e, final -i becomes -iyan, while broken plurals such as kitab to kutub must be memorised separately.

Fail ka zamana

Verb tense in Urdu is fixed by the auxiliary: raha hai marks present continuous, raha tha marks past continuous, and rahega marks future.

Muhavara

An idiom whose meaning is figurative, not literal. Grammar items require using it in a full sentence that demonstrates the figurative sense.

Mutaradif aur mutazad

Synonyms and antonyms. These items demand the exact pair; a wrong vowel produces a different word, so write the complete word clearly.

Tamheed

The opening of an essay: two or three sentences that introduce the topic and state the line of argument the body paragraphs will develop.

Arz-dasht

A formal written application to an officer, with sender's address, date, receiver's designation, subject line, salutation, body, and signature.

Darkhwast

A petition or formal request. Its layout resembles the arz-dasht but its tone is a plea addressed to an authority for a specific remedy.

Report ke paanch sawal

Report writing answers kya, kab, kahan, kaun, and kyun in past tense and third person, excluding the writer's personal opinion.

Mukalma

A dialogue piece with alternating named speakers, short turns, and conversational register, unlike the formal style of an essay or application.

Natija

The conclusion of an essay. It restates the thesis in fresh wording and adds no new arguments, closing the piece within the word limit.

Contextual vocabulary

In Fahm, the meaning of a word as used in the passage. Choose the sense that fits its sentence, not the word's commonest dictionary meaning.

Inference item

A Fahm question asking what the writer implies rather than states. Support the answer by quoting the phrase in the passage that implies it.