Social Insurance and Labor Consultant Examination flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Article 36 Agreement

A written agreement between employer and labor union (or worker representative) on overtime and holiday work, filed with the Labor Standards Inspection Office. Required for any work beyond statutory limits.

Statutory Working Hours

The legal maximum is 8 hours per day and 40 hours per week under the Labor Standards Act. Work beyond these limits requires an Article 36 agreement and overtime premium pay.

Annual Paid Leave

After 6 months of continuous service with 80% attendance, workers receive 10 days of paid leave, increasing by 1 day per year up to 20 days. Employers must ensure 5 days are taken.

Dismissal Notice

An employer must give 30 days' advance notice or pay 30 days' average wage in lieu. Dismissal without objective rationality and social acceptability is void under the Labor Contract Act.

Overtime Premium Rate

Premium pay is 25% for overtime beyond statutory limits, 35% for statutory holiday work, and 25% for late-night work (22:00-05:00). Overtime over 60 hours per month is 35%.

Unfair Labor Practice

Employer conduct prohibited by the Labor Union Act, such as refusing good-faith collective bargaining, interfering with union organizing, or discriminating against union members.

Safety and Health Manager

A qualified person appointed by the employer under the Industrial Safety and Health Act to manage workplace safety and health, conduct risk assessments, and provide safety training.

Sexual Harassment Prevention

The Equal Employment Opportunity Act requires employers to establish measures preventing sexual harassment in the workplace and to respond promptly when it occurs.

Part-Time Labor Act

Prohibits unreasonable differences in treatment between part-time and full-time workers and requires employers to explain working conditions in writing at hiring.

Temporary Disability Compensation

Workers' compensation benefit of 80% of average daily wage for work-related injury or illness, paid from the 4th day of absence after a 3-day waiting period.

Commuting Accident

An injury or illness during a reasonable commute between home and workplace by a reasonable route and method is covered by Workers' Compensation Insurance.

Disability Compensation

Workers' compensation benefit paid as a pension for disability grades 1-7 and as a lump sum for grades 8-14, based on the degree of disability.

Employer Premium Burden

Under Workers' Compensation Insurance, the employer bears the full premium; the rate varies by industry and is adjusted by merit rating based on accident experience.

Basic Allowance Eligibility

Unemployment benefits require at least 12 months of insured employment in the last 2 years, or 6 months in the last year for involuntary separation.

Waiting Period

After job separation, a 7-day waiting period applies before unemployment benefits begin. Benefit days range from 90 to 330 depending on age and insured period.

Employment Adjustment Subsidy

A subsidy for employers who retain workers during economic downturns by reducing hours or temporarily suspending operations, helping prevent unemployment.

Hello Work

The Public Employment Security Office administers employment insurance benefits, job placement services, and vocational training support for jobseekers and employers.

Labor Standards Inspection Office

A field agency of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare that enforces the Labor Standards Act and Workers' Compensation Insurance Act through inspections and investigations.

Labor Tribunal

A court procedure for resolving individual labor disputes, aiming for resolution within 3 sessions with a panel of a judge and two lay members.

Copayment Rate

Under employee health insurance, insured persons pay 30% of medical costs as a copayment, while the insurance covers the remaining 70% for standard treatment.

High-Cost Medical Expense Benefit

A system that caps monthly out-of-pocket medical costs based on income and age, refunding amounts above the limit to prevent excessive financial burden.

Sick Leave Benefit

Health insurance benefit of 2/3 of the standard daily wage after 3 consecutive days of absence due to non-work illness or injury, payable up to 18 months.

Dependent Coverage

A spouse, child under 70, or parent under 60 can be covered as a dependent if their income is below 1.3 million yen and less than half the insured person's income.

Standard Monthly Wage

A wage figure determined by salary and used to calculate health insurance and pension premiums and benefits; it is revised annually based on actual earnings.

Old-Age Pension Eligibility

Employees' Pension old-age benefit requires at least 10 years (120 months) of insured periods. The normal starting age is 65, with deferral up to 75.

Employees' Pension Premium

The premium rate is 18.3% of the standard monthly wage and standard bonus, split equally between employer and employee.

Survivor's Pension

A pension paid to a surviving spouse and children when an insured person dies, with the amount based on the deceased's earnings record and insured period.

National Pension Contribution

A fixed monthly contribution (16,520 yen in 2023) paid by Category 1 insured persons aged 20-60 who are not covered by Employees' Pension.

Insured Person Categories

Category 1: self-employed and students paying full contributions. Category 2: employees covered by Employees' Pension. Category 3: dependent spouses covered by the primary insured person.

Old-Age Basic Pension

The National Pension benefit requiring 10 years of contributions; the full amount is 66,250 yen per month (2023) for 40 years of contributions.

My Number System

A social security and tax number system linking tax and social security records; employers must verify My Number when hiring new employees.

Minimum Wage

A wage floor set by prefecture and reviewed annually; employers must pay at least the minimum wage to all workers regardless of employment type.