Yamaguchi Prefectural Public High School Entrance Examination - English cheat sheet

Sound-alike numbers that decide answers: 13/30, 14/40, 15/50, 16/60. The -teen form carries stress and a longer vowel; the -ty form is short and unstressed.

Question word to target mapping: who = person, when = time or date, where = place, why = reason, how = method, how much = price, how long = duration, how often = frequency.

Contrast markers but / however / actually / instead signal a correction; the statement following them is the answer far more often than the statement before them.

Two-option items: the option heard early is usually a rejected plan; the final decision is signalled by so, then, let's, or I'll take.

Place questions: build a quick sketch from next to, across from, between A and B, on the corner of, opposite, in front of, behind.

Time questions: record start time and end time separately; a duration answer (for two hours) is not interchangeable with a clock answer (at two).

Names, days, and months: write only the first letter during the audio, then complete the spelling after the recording ends.

Sub-questions are printed on the paper; the wording of each one tells you which type of information (number, place, reason, action) to catch while listening.

Paragraph main idea = the first or last sentence; middle sentences carry examples, numbers, and detail used by the content-match items.

Pronoun reference: it / this / they / them point to the nearest earlier noun phrase agreeing in number and sense; substitute the candidate to verify.

Signal words: however, but, although = contrast; for example, such as = support; so, therefore, as a result = conclusion; also, in addition = same direction.

A 'why' question is answered by a cause stated in the passage, usually inside a because / since clause or in the sentence after the question sentence.

内容一致 items: locate the keyword's paragraph first, then read the sentence before and after it; the correct option restates that wording, not general knowledge.

Title and main-idea options: reject ones that are too narrow (a single detail) or too broad (a claim the passage never makes); the answer covers the whole text.

書き抜き requires the exact English wording, including capital letters and the final period; the 指定語数 limit may require a shorter segment of the same sentence.

Unknown word: look immediately after it for a dash, comma, or, that is, such as, or a defining clause, which normally explain the meaning in simpler words.

空所補充 in dialogue: the blank must satisfy grammar (tense, question form, pronoun) and logic (the reply printed after it).

Invitation: Would you like to ~? / How about ~? → accept with Sure, Sounds good, I'd love to; decline with Sorry, but I'm busy then.

Request: Could you ~? / Will you ~? → accept with Sure, OK, All right; decline with Sorry, I can't.

Telephone: May I speak to Ken? → This is Ken speaking. / Hold on, please. / He is not in now. / Can I take a message?

Shop and restaurant: May I help you? → I'm looking for ~. / Anything else? → That's all. / Here you are.

Directions: How can I get to ~? → Go along this street and turn left at the second corner; the reply fixes a turn number plus a landmark.

Apology and thanks pairs: I'm sorry → That's all right / Never mind; Thank you → You're welcome / Don't mention it.

The reply must match the question word: How long → duration, How far → distance, Why → because-clause, Which → one of the named items.

Third-person singular present: he / she / it / everyone / each + verb-s; I / you / we / they + base form.

Future meaning: will sits in the main clause, present tense follows if, when, before, after, until.

Present perfect: have / has + past participle; for + period of time, since + starting point; have been to = went and came back, have gone to = is there now.

Gerund after enjoy, finish, stop, practice; to-infinitive after want, hope, decide, plan; stop -ing = quit, stop to do = pause in order to do.

Adverb position: always, usually, often, sometimes, never go before a general verb and after be, never between verb and object.

Comparison: as + adjective + as; -er / more ~ than; the -est / the most; good → better → best, many → more → most.

Indirect questions keep statement order: Do you know where he lives? (no does, no inversion after where).

Relative pronouns: who = person, which = thing, that = both, whose = possession; the pronoun is omitted when it is the object (the book I bought).

because and so are not combined in one standard English sentence; the same holds for although and but.

条件英作文 with 10語以上 means at least ten words; the controllable shape is subject + verb + because + subject + verb, written as two sentences if the topic is an opinion.

Word counting: each English word counts as one, punctuation marks count as zero; if one word short, add a short phrase such as very much or with my friends.

The prompt fixes the content: an opinion item needs a view plus a reason, a request item needs a specific action plus its purpose.

並べ替え: identify the verb first, then subject, then object, then adverbs, place, and time; re-check tense, agreement, and any 不要語 given.

書き換え keeps tense and person identical: He is a good singer = He sings well; too ~ to = not ~ enough; because = so.

Sentence mechanics: capital letter at the start, period or question mark at the end, capitals for I, days, months, countries, and names.

For an unknown word in free writing, substitute a simple phrase: an error-free shorter sentence satisfies the condition, while a misspelled or ungrammatical sentence breaks the meaning.