AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) study guide
AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) refers to the commercial pilot licence (aeroplane) knowledge examination set by Kazakhstan's civil aviation authority, the Aviation Administration of Kazakhstan (AAK). The licence itself is what allows a pilot to fly aeroplanes for remuneration, so the ground examination is the theoretical gate that sits alongside the flight training and experience requirements. The AAK CPL (Kazakhstan) study guide has 10 sections and about 2,945 words.
01Air Law and ATC Procedures
Air Law and ATC Procedures in the AAK CPL tests the Kazakh legal framework, ICAO rules of the air, airspace classification, clearances and readback, flight plans, and emergency procedures. Expect questions on the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan 'On Use of Airspace' (2010), AAK oversight, AIP Kazakhstan, and standard ATC phraseology.
309 words, about 2 min02Aircraft General Knowledge (Airframe, Systems, Powerplant)
This domain checks your understanding of airframe structure, flight controls, fuel, electrical, pitot-static, vacuum, hydraulic, and powerplant systems on light training aircraft, with emphasis on system failures and limitations. A typical CPL trainer such as the C172S uses a Lycoming IO-360-L2A: horizontally opposed, air-cooled, fuel-injected, direct-drive engine rated at 180 hp at 2,700 rpm.
301 words, about 2 min03Flight Performance and Planning
Flight Performance and Planning tests take-off and landing distance, density altitude, weight and balance, centre of gravity, fuel planning, and the use of POH tables and graphs. Pressure altitude is indicated altitude with the altimeter set to 1013.25 hPa; density altitude is pressure altitude corrected for temperature.
321 words, about 2 min04Human Performance and Limitations
Human Performance and Limitations covers hypoxia, hyperventilation, spatial disorientation, fatigue, stress, vision, hearing, decision-making, and crew resource management in single-pilot and multi-crew operations. Hypoxia symptoms include euphoria, impaired judgement, headache, and cyanosis.
278 words, about 1 min05Meteorology
Meteorology tests METAR and TAF decoding, pressure systems, fronts, icing, turbulence, thunderstorms, wind shear, and Kazakh continental weather hazards such as winter fog, low stratus, and dust storms. METAR wind in Kazakhstan is often reported in metres per second (MPS); 1 m/s ≈ 1.94 kt.
276 words, about 1 min06Navigation
Navigation covers dead reckoning, the wind triangle, magnetic variation and deviation, charts, time, fuel, and the use of GNSS and ground-based aids for VFR and IFR flight. True heading ± variation = magnetic heading; magnetic heading ± deviation = compass heading.
297 words, about 1 min07Operational Procedures
Operational Procedures tests pre-flight preparation, mass and balance, performance, passenger safety, normal and emergency checklists, diversions, cold-weather operations, and NOTAM interpretation. Before every flight, confirm airworthiness, fuel, mass and balance, performance, weather, NOTAMs, and alternate availability.
291 words, about 1 min08Principles of Flight
Principles of Flight tests lift and drag, angle of attack, stall, load factor, stability, control, and propeller effects in normal and accelerated flight. Lift rises with airspeed squared and with angle of attack up to the critical angle.
319 words, about 2 min09Communications (VFR and IFR)
Communications tests standard ICAO phraseology, readback, position reporting, clearance delivery, distress and urgency calls, SSR, and lost-communication procedures for VFR and IFR in Kazakhstan airspace. Use the full aircraft callsign on initial contact and when reading back clearances.
258 words, about 1 min10Radio Navigation
Radio Navigation tests VOR, DME, NDB/ADF, ILS, GNSS, RNAV/RNP, radar, and transponder use, including interpretation of cockpit indications and approach geometry. A VOR radial is a magnetic bearing from the station.
295 words, about 1 min