Kazakhstan Maritime Engine Officer flashcards

34 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Brake power formula

Brake power (kW) = 2π × torque (N·m) × rpm ÷ 60,000. For a two-stroke engine, brake power also equals indicated power minus friction power; friction is measured by the Willan line or Morse test.

Scavenge fire response

Reduce load, cut fuel to the affected cylinder, keep the engine turning, engage auxiliary blowers, and apply fixed CO2 if fitted after stopping fuel. Do not open the scavenge space until cool.

Cylinder liner wear limit

Maximum wear is typically 0.7-1.0% of bore diameter; ovality limit is 0.5% of bore. Replace the liner when wear rate exceeds 0.1 mm per 1,000 running hours.

Insulation resistance test

Minimum values: 1 MΩ for 440 V circuits, 0.5 MΩ for 220 V, and 0.2 MΩ for 24 V DC, measured at 500 V DC with all loads isolated and the circuit discharged afterwards.

Generator paralleling conditions

Close the breaker when voltage, frequency, phase sequence and phase angle match. Phase angle within ±10° and slip frequency below 0.5 Hz avoid heavy circulating currents on synchronisation.

Reverse power trip

Protects a generator from motoring when its prime mover fails. Typical setting is 5-10% of rated power with a 1-3 second time delay to ride through transient load swings.

Earth fault on insulated neutral

A single earth fault does not trip the circuit because no return path exists. Locate and clear it within 24 hours; a second fault on another phase causes a short circuit.

Crankshaft deflection limits

Measure at defined angular positions and compare with builder's values. A change exceeding 0.05 mm between successive readings indicates bearing misalignment or hull deformation requiring investigation.

NDT methods compared

Dye penetrant detects surface-breaking defects; magnetic particle detects surface and near-surface defects in ferrous metals; ultrasonic detects internal flaws; radiography images welds and internal structure.

Lube oil analysis limits

Water below 0.2% for main engines; viscosity within ±25% of nominal; iron and other wear metals trending upward indicate wear. TBN of cylinder oil matched to fuel sulphur content.

Metacentric height GM

GM = KM − KG. Positive GM gives initial stability; negative GM causes a list and possible capsize. Free surface effect reduces effective GM by FSC = i × ρ ÷ (∇ × ρ_sw).

Block coefficient

C_B = ∇ ÷ (L × B × T), where ∇ is displaced volume, L length between perpendiculars, B moulded breadth, T draught. Full-form tankers and bulkers have C_B of 0.80-0.87.

Load line marks

Freeboard marks from deck line: S summer, W winter, T tropical, F fresh, TF tropical fresh, and WNA winter North Atlantic. Freeboard is measured vertically from the deck line to the mark.

UMS alarm testing

In unattended machinery spaces, test alarms and safety devices at least once every 24 hours and record the results in the engine room log. Bypassed safety devices must be logged and restored.

Bridge bell book

Records every engine order with time and acknowledgement. A wrong or unclear order must be challenged and clarified before execution; the entry is signed by the duty engineer.

Bunkering watch duties

Continuous attendance, scuppers plugged, agreed communication with the barge, tank soundings every 30 minutes, drip tray monitoring, and immediate stop if a leak or overflow is detected.

Closed-loop communication

Sender states the order, receiver repeats it, sender confirms. Used for all engine orders and critical operations to prevent misunderstanding in noisy engine room environments.

STCW rest hours

Minimum 10 hours rest in any 24-hour period and 77 hours in any 7-day period. Watch schedules must be posted and rest hour records kept and signed.

Authority gradient

A steep hierarchy suppresses junior crew from reporting concerns. Briefings should invite questions, confirm understanding, and reward challenge so errors are caught early.

STCW 2010 Manila Amendments

Minimum age 18; 12 months sea service for OOW; 36 months for Chief Engineer; certificates revalidated every 5 years with evidence of sea service or refresher training.

MARPOL Annex I discharge

Oily water may be discharged only through a 15 ppm separator, outside special areas, ship en route, not within 12 nm of land, with an entry in Oil Record Book Part I.

MARPOL Annex VI sulphur

Global sulphur limit 0.50% m/m from 1 January 2020; 0.10% in Emission Control Areas. Compliance by low-sulphur fuel, scrubber, or alternative fuel, recorded in the log.

Port State Control targeting

Ships are risk-profiled by flag, company and class performance. Three or more detentions in 36 months triggers expanded inspection under the Paris MoU.

CO2 fixed fire system

Discharge reduces oxygen below 15%, smothering the fire. The space must be sealed, ventilation stopped, and entry only with breathing apparatus after full ventilation.

Enclosed space entry test

Oxygen 20.9%, flammable gas below 1% LEL, H2S below 5 ppm, CO below 35 ppm. A permit, attendant at the entrance, and rescue equipment are required.

Hot work permit

Requires gas-free certificate, fire watch, extinguisher at the site, removal of combustibles within 11 m, and a 30-minute post-work fire watch. Chief Engineer approval needed.

Engine room fire drill

SOLAS requires monthly fire drills; an engine room fire drill at least every 3 months. Record the drill, participants, scenario and debrief in the official logbook.

Blackout recovery sequence

Start the emergency generator, restore the emergency switchboard, then sequentially restart the main generator, lube oil pump, cooling pumps and main engine. Confirm steering gear before manoeuvring.

SOPEP requirements

Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan must be approved and carried on board. It contains reporting procedures, coastal state contacts, and response actions for oil spills.

Emergency fire pump

Located outside the engine room, capable of delivering two jets at 0.25 N/mm², tested weekly, and started from a position outside the space it protects.

SMCP engine orders

Standard phrases include "Stand by engine", "Dead slow ahead", "Full astern", "Stop engine", "Finished with engines". Each order is repeated and the telegraph moved to the ordered position.

Mayday distress call

"Mayday, Mayday, Mayday, this is [ship name and call sign], position, nature of distress, assistance required." Transmitted on VHF Ch 16 with DSC alert on Ch 70.

Adult CPR ratio

30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths, compression rate 100-120 per minute, depth 5-6 cm. Continue until help arrives or the casualty recovers.

Hypothermia first aid

Remove wet clothing, insulate and handle gently, give warm drinks only if fully conscious. Do not rub extremities or apply direct heat; seek medical advice for severe cases.