General knowledge of public administration, governance, and Moroccan institutions
This domain tests the institutional map and the governance rules flowing from the 2011 Constitution and the framework laws adopted since.
Institutions
Bicameral Parliament; Cour constitutionnelle; Cour des comptes (loi 62-99) with its regional chambers; CESE (consultative, economic, social and environmental); CNDH (rights and freedoms); Instance nationale de la probité, de la prévention et de la lutte contre la corruption; HCP; Bank Al-Maghrib; ANCFCC. Distinguish consultative bodies (avis) from jurisdictional bodies (decisions).
Good governance and transparency
Loi 02-12 on appointments to high public office; compulsory déclaration de patrimoine for certain officials; loi 31-13 on access to information, with a right to request documents and a specialised recours commission; loi 09-08 on personal data, supervised by the CNDP; Charte des services publics (loi 54-19): transparence, participation, redevabilité, qualité; simplification through loi 55-19.
Territorial organisation
12 regions (loi organique 111-14), préfectures and provinces (113-14), communes (112-14), based on libre administration, subsidiarity and cooperation, under the tutelle of the State. Déconcentration (services déconcentrés under the wali or governor) is distinct from décentralisation (elected collectivités territoriales).
Worked example
A citizen requests an administrative document and is refused without stated reason. The request falls under loi 31-13: the administration must reply within the deadlines set by the law and give reasons for refusal; the applicant may refer the matter to the commission on access to information before going to the administrative court. Framing this as the constitutional right of petition (art. 32) misses the specific framework.
Traps
Mixing the CESE's advisory role with the CNDH's rights mandate; treating a region as a State service; confusing déconcentration with décentralisation; assuming the governor is elected.