Mongolia OSH Officer Knowledge Test flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Labor Safety and Hygiene Law

Mongolian statute setting employer OSH duties, worker rights, state inspection powers and liability; read together with the Labor Law and administrative and criminal codes.

State labor inspector powers

Inspectors may enter workplaces, take samples, interview workers, issue compliance orders and suspend work posing imminent danger; violations carry administrative fines.

PDCA cycle

Plan objectives and risk assessment, Do implementation and training, Check monitoring and audit, Act on management review and corrective action to improve the OSH system.

Hierarchy of controls

Elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, then PPE; PPE is the last line and never the sole control where a higher control is practicable.

Risk score formula

Risk = likelihood × severity on a 5×5 matrix (1-25); thresholds commonly 1-4 acceptable, 5-9 monitor, 10-15 action, 16-25 stop and control immediately.

Noise action levels

80 dB(A) triggers hearing protection provision and information; 85 dB(A) makes hearing protection mandatory; audiometry monitors noise-exposed workers because hearing loss is irreversible.

LTIFR formula

Lost-time injury frequency rate = (number of lost-time injuries × 1,000,000) divided by total hours worked; used to compare incident experience over time.

Root cause analysis

Use 5 Whys, fishbone or fault tree to move from immediate acts and conditions to system failures such as inadequate training, design or supervision.

Fire classes and extinguishers

A solids use water or foam; B liquids use foam, CO2 or powder; C gases use powder or CO2; D metals use special powder; E electrical use CO2 or powder, never water.

Evacuation drill frequency

High-occupancy or high-risk workplaces drill at least twice a year; record date, participants, evacuation time and lessons learned, and update the emergency plan.

TWA formula

Time-weighted average = (C1T1 + C2T2 + … + CnTn) divided by 8 hours; compare with the 8-hour occupational exposure limit.

Confined space atmosphere limits

Oxygen must be 19.5-23.5%; test for flammable and toxic gas before entry, monitor continuously, keep an attendant outside and have a rescue plan.

Training record content

Record worker name, topic, date, trainer and signature; maintain a training matrix showing who needs what training and when it is due.

Toolbox talk structure

Five to ten minutes on one topic, a real workplace hazard example, a clear action, and a question to confirm understanding; record attendance.

Legal hierarchy in Mongolia

Constitution, then laws such as the Labor Law and Labor Safety and Hygiene Law, then government resolutions and ministerial orders, then collective agreements and internal rules.

Working time limits

Normal working week is 40 hours; overtime requires consent and is limited; rest breaks and annual leave are statutory under the Labor Law.

Inspection finding classification

Immediate danger requires stopping work now; major nonconformity fixed within days; minor within weeks; each finding has a responsible person and deadline.

Witness interview rules

Interview witnesses separately, ask open questions, record statements verbatim, avoid leading questions, and cross-check against physical evidence.

Hot work permit

Required for welding, cutting and grinding; includes fire watch, removal of combustibles, extinguisher at hand, and a post-work check for smouldering.

Mongolian emergency numbers

Fire 101, ambulance 103, police 102; post these numbers at telephones and on notice boards and include them in the emergency plan.

Respirator selection

Particulate filters for dusts and mists; gas and vapour cartridges for organic vapours; supplied air for oxygen-deficient or immediately dangerous atmospheres; fit testing required.

Heat stroke signs

Confusion, hot dry skin and collapse are a medical emergency; cool the worker and call an ambulance immediately; prevention uses WBGT, fluids and rest breaks.

Training needs analysis

Identify gaps by job role, hazard exposure, incident history and legal requirements before designing content and learning objectives.

Safety sign shapes

Prohibition is a red circle, warning a yellow triangle, mandatory a blue circle, and emergency or first aid a green square; match signs to worker language and literacy.

Risk register fields

Hazard, activity, affected persons, existing controls, likelihood, severity, risk rating, additional controls, owner and review date.

Leading and lagging indicators

Leading indicators include inspections completed, training hours and near misses reported; lagging indicators include LTIFR, lost days and incidents.

Lockout tagout steps

Isolate energy sources, apply locks and tags, release stored energy, verify zero energy before maintenance, and restore energy only after the work is complete.

Permit to work scope

Required for hot work, confined space, work at height, electrical isolation and excavation; the permit defines precautions, duration and authorisation.

Mixture exposure formula

For additive effects, C1/L1 + C2/L2 + … must be less than or equal to 1, where C is concentration and L is the exposure limit.

Biological monitoring examples

Blood lead, urinary mercury and cholinesterase for organophosphates; interpret results against biological limit values and remove workers with excessive absorption.

Safety committee function

Composed of worker and management representatives; meets regularly to review incidents, inspections, training and changes, and tracks actions in minutes.

No-blame reporting culture

Reporting of errors and near misses without fear of reprisal increases information flow; blame suppresses reporting and hides hazards.