Construction Painting NC II key terms

The set of wearable items such as respirators, goggles, gloves, coveralls, and safety shoes worn to protect the painter from chemical, physical, and health hazards on the job site.

A standardized document supplied by the manufacturer that lists a product's hazards, safe handling procedures, required protective equipment, first-aid measures, and spill response instructions.

A procedure that checks whether a respirator seals properly against the wearer's face, confirming that airborne paint mist, solvent vapor, or dust will not leak into the mask.

Solvent or other organic substance that evaporates readily from paint and contributes to air pollution and health effects; regulations limit the VOC content of coatings.

Entering an enclosed area such as a tank, pit, or silo with limited openings and poor ventilation, requiring an entry permit, atmospheric testing, a standby attendant, and rescue arrangements.

The process of recognizing conditions that could cause injury or illness, such as unstable scaffolding, electrical sources, flammable vapors, or sharp edges, before work begins.

A rating that indicates which types of fire an extinguisher can fight, such as Class A for ordinary combustibles, Class B for flammable liquids, and Class C for energized electrical equipment.

The controlled supply and removal of air in a work area to reduce solvent vapor, paint mist, and dust below harmful and flammable levels during surface preparation and coating application.

An enclosed, ventilated room designed for spray painting that captures overspray, filters exhaust air, and protects the surrounding area from contamination and fire.

A spray unit that forces coating through a small tip at very high hydraulic pressure without compressed air, giving a fast, high-build application with little overspray.

A gun that atomizes coating by mixing a low-pressure fluid stream with compressed air at the nozzle, producing a fine finish that suits thin lacquers and enamels.

The interchangeable nozzle component of an airless sprayer that controls the fan pattern width and coating flow rate, identified by a number and a size code.

The shape and width of the spray cloud delivered by a gun, which the painter overlaps in consistent passes to lay down an even, uniform coating film.

Paint mist that misses the intended surface and settles on surrounding objects, floors, or the painter, causing contamination and waste if not controlled.

The metal band that binds the bristles to the handle of a paint brush; a loose or corroded ferrule lets bristles fall out and ruins the finish.

The material of a brush's filaments, such as natural hog bristle for solvent coatings or synthetic polyester and nylon for water-based paints, chosen to suit the coating chemistry.

The routine of removing paint from bristles with the correct thinner, washing with soap and water where suitable, combing straight, and storing flat or hanging to keep the shape.

The length of a roller cover's pile, ranging from short for smooth surfaces to long for rough masonry, which controls how much paint the cover holds and releases.

The cage and handle that holds a roller cover; the cage must spin freely and the handle must stay secure so the cover tracks evenly without skipping.

All cleaning, repairing, sanding, and treating done before coating so that paint bonds firmly and the finished film looks smooth and lasts.

The number that rates abrasive particle size on sandpaper or discs; lower numbers cut faster and coarser, higher numbers smooth finer between coats.

A tapered, gradually thinned edge produced by sanding around a repaired area so the patch blends invisibly into the surrounding surface beneath the new coating.

A gypsum-based paste used to fill seams, corners, and fastener holes in plasterboard; it is sanded smooth and primed before finish paint is applied.

A surface preparation method that propels sand, grit, or other media at high speed to strip rust, scale, and old coatings and to create a profile for adhesion.

The microscopic roughness or anchor pattern created on a substrate by abrasion or blasting, which gives the coating a mechanical key to grip.

A white, powdery salt deposit that appears on masonry and concrete when moisture migrates through the material; it must be removed and the source of damp corrected before painting.

An instrument that measures the water content of concrete, masonry, or wood so the painter can confirm the substrate is dry enough for coating application.

The first coat applied to a prepared surface to seal it, improve adhesion, block stains, and provide a uniform base for the finish coats.

A coat applied over the primer and beneath the topcoat to build film thickness, hide the substrate color, and give the finish coat a smooth, even base.

The final coat of a paint system that provides the visible color, sheen, and weather resistance of the finished surface.

A coating that penetrates or films a porous surface to reduce absorption, so subsequent coats do not sink in and dry unevenly.

A measure of a coating's resistance to flow; it determines whether the paint brushes, rolls, or sprays properly and is adjusted with thinner or water.

The proportion of solvent or water added to a coating to reach the working viscosity recommended by the manufacturer, often stated on the product label.

The usable working time of a mixed coating, especially two-component products, before it thickens or cures beyond the point where it can be applied.

The reactive component added to a two-pack coating that starts the chemical cure; the correct ratio and thorough mixing are essential for proper film performance.

The degree of light reflection from a dried coating, ranging from flat and matte to satin, semi-gloss, and high-gloss, chosen for appearance and cleanability.

A defect in which the dried film has a dimpled, citrus-like texture caused by poor atomization, incorrect viscosity, or too little thinner in spray application.

A defect where excess wet paint runs downward in curtains or drips, usually from over-thick application, too much thinner, or spraying too close to the surface.

Temporarily covering glass, trim, hardware, and adjacent surfaces with tape, paper, or film to protect them from paint and overspray.

Brushing a narrow, controlled band of paint along edges, corners, and trim before rolling the open field, so the two areas blend without a visible line.

A visible line left where a wet edge has dried before the next pass of paint overlaps it, caused by painting too slowly or in hot, drying conditions.

A decorative technique such as ragging, sponging, or marbling that imitates natural materials or adds texture, applied over a properly prepared base coat.

A translucent or semi-transparent coating used in decorative work to create depth, highlights, and blended effects; it stays workable long enough to be manipulated.

The foundation coat in a decorative or multi-layer system that establishes color and a uniform surface for the glaze or effect applied on top.

The bond between a coating and the substrate or between successive coats; it depends on proper surface preparation, cleanliness, and correct application.

The localized repair of small damaged, thin, or missed areas using the same coating and technique so the patch blends with the surrounding finish.

The thickness of a coating measured while still wet, checked with a comb gauge to confirm the correct amount is being applied for the required dry film.

The thickness of the cured coating film, measured with a magnetic or ultrasonic gauge and compared against the specification to confirm coverage and durability.

The ability of a coating to withstand the alkaline nature of new concrete or masonry without losing color or adhesion; alkali-resistant primers are used for this purpose.

A liquid that dissolves or thins a coating and evaporates after application; it affects drying time, flow, and the health and fire hazards of the product.

The practice of separating hazardous painting waste, such as solvent, leftover paint, and contaminated rags, from ordinary refuse for proper disposal or recycling.

Keeping the work area clean and orderly by clearing debris, storing materials safely, and cleaning tools, which prevents accidents and protects the quality of the finish.

A written list of quality points, such as surface preparation, film thickness, coverage, and defects, used to verify that completed work meets the specification before sign-off.

A compiled record of incomplete or defective items found during final inspection that the crew must correct and close out before the work is accepted.

A short, informal briefing held at the start of a shift to review the day's tasks, safety hazards, and coordination among crew members.

A clear, step-by-step written or verbal direction describing how a task must be carried out, including materials, sequence, and quality requirements.

A calculated list of the quantities of paint, primer, and consumables needed for a job, based on measured areas and the coverage rate of each product.

The area that a given volume of coating will cover at the specified film thickness, usually stated in square meters per liter on the product data sheet.

The standards of honesty, reliability, respect, and responsibility a painter shows on site, including punctuality, safe conduct, and reporting defects truthfully.