Pak Army Clerk Test flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Subject-verb agreement

A singular subject takes a singular verb (He runs), and a plural subject takes a plural verb (They run). Ignore phrases between subject and verb.

Active vs passive voice

Active: subject performs action (Ali wrote a letter). Passive: object becomes subject and verb becomes be + past participle (A letter was written by Ali).

Articles a, an, the

Use 'a' before consonant sounds, 'an' before vowel sounds, and 'the' for specific or already mentioned nouns. 'An hour' because 'h' is silent.

Affect vs effect

'Affect' is usually a verb meaning to influence. 'Effect' is usually a noun meaning result. Example: The rain affected the match; the effect was a delay.

Urdu noun genders

Urdu nouns are masculine or feminine. Feminine nouns often end in ی or ات, e.g., لڑکی (girl), کتاب (book, feminine), but exceptions exist.

Urdu sentence order

Urdu follows subject-object-verb (SOV) order. The verb agrees with the subject in gender and number, e.g., وہ جاتا ہے (He goes).

Urdu idiom: آنکھ کا تارا

Literally 'star of the eye'; means a very beloved person, often a child. Used to express deep affection.

Percentage formula

Part = (percent ÷ 100) × whole. To find what percent A is of B: (A ÷ B) × 100. Percent change = (new − old) ÷ old × 100.

Average (mean)

Average = sum of all values ÷ number of values. If average and count are known, total = average × count.

Ratio division

To divide quantity Q in ratio a:b, first total parts = a+b. First share = Q × a/(a+b); second share = Q × b/(a+b).

Simple interest

Simple interest I = P × R × T ÷ 100, where P is principal, R is annual rate percent, T is time in years. Total amount = P + I.

Pakistan independence date

Pakistan gained independence on 14 August 1947. Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the founder and first Governor-General.

Pakistan Resolution 1940

The Lahore Resolution, later called Pakistan Resolution, was passed on 23 March 1940 at Minto Park, Lahore, demanding separate Muslim states.

Highest peak in Pakistan

K2, also known as Godwin-Austen, is the highest peak in Pakistan and second highest in the world at 8,611 metres.

Provinces and capitals

Punjab (Lahore), Sindh (Karachi), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Peshawar), Balochistan (Quetta). Islamabad is the federal capital.

Five pillars of Islam

Shahadah (declaration of faith), Salah (five daily prayers), Sawm (fasting in Ramadan), Zakat (obligatory charity), Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah).

First Quranic revelation

The first revelation was Surah Al-Alaq (verses 1–5), received by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the Cave of Hira near Makkah.

Zakat rate

Zakat is 2.5% of savings that exceed the nisab (minimum threshold) and are held for one lunar year. Nisab is about 87.48 g gold or 612.36 g silver.

Hijrah year

The Hijrah is the migration of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE. It marks the start of the Islamic lunar calendar.

Newton's second law

Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). A larger force produces greater acceleration; a larger mass reduces acceleration for the same force.

pH scale

pH measures acidity or alkalinity on a scale 0–14. pH below 7 is acidic, pH 7 is neutral, pH above 7 is basic (alkaline).

Photosynthesis equation

6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. Occurs in chloroplasts of plant cells, producing glucose and releasing oxygen.

Malaria transmission

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito, usually at night.

MS Excel formula basics

Every formula starts with '='. Common functions: SUM(A1:A10), AVERAGE(A1:A10), IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false). Cell references like A1.

Keyboard shortcuts

Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+X cut, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+S save, Ctrl+P print, Ctrl+A select all, Ctrl+F find.

Home row keys

The home row for touch typing is ASDF for the left hand and JKL; for the right hand. Thumbs rest on the space bar.

Computer storage units

Bit is smallest unit (0 or 1). 8 bits = 1 byte. Order: byte, kilobyte (KB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), terabyte (TB).

Number series rule

Check differences between consecutive terms. If constant, it is arithmetic; if increasing, check second differences; also check ratios or alternating patterns.

Letter position values

A=1, B=2, …, Z=26. For series, convert letters to numbers, find pattern, then convert back. Reverse position: A=26, B=25, etc.

Blood relation diagram

Draw a family tree: square for male, circle for female, horizontal line for marriage, vertical line for children. Use to trace relationships accurately.

Direction sense

Draw a compass: North up, South down, East right, West left. For right-angle turns, net displacement uses Pythagoras: √(x² + y²).

Odd one out strategy

Identify the common property shared by most items (e.g., all are mammals, all have four sides). The item lacking that property is the answer.