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SRES practice questions

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Question 1The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which birth years define the baby boom generation, the cohort that has driven much of the growth in the 50+ housing market?

  1. 1965 to 1980
  2. 1925 to 1935
  3. 1936 to 1945
  4. 1946 to 1964 Correct answer.

Explanation

The baby boom is conventionally dated from 1946 through 1964, the post-war surge in births. This cohort's movement into and through retirement is the main demographic force behind senior housing demand.

Question 2The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Surveys of older adults consistently show that the large majority prefer which housing outcome as they age?

  1. Relocating to a retirement community in a warmer climate
  2. Purchasing a smaller home in a new community
  3. Moving in with an adult child who can provide care
  4. Staying in their own home as long as possible Correct answer.

Explanation

Aging in place is the dominant stated preference among older adults; most want to remain in their current residence and community for as long as health and circumstances allow. Practitioners should therefore treat relocation as one option rather than the default assumption.

Question 3The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Under the Housing for Older Persons Act, a community claiming the 55-and-over exemption must have at least what share of occupied units occupied by at least one person age 55 or older?

  1. 100 percent
  2. 90 percent
  3. 80 percent Correct answer.
  4. 55 percent

Explanation

HOPA requires that at least 80 percent of occupied units in a 55-and-over community be occupied by at least one person 55 or older. The community must also publish and adhere to policies demonstrating the intent to provide housing for older persons.

Question 4The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

What is the minimum age for a borrower to obtain a federally insured reverse mortgage (HECM)?

  1. 60
  2. 55
  3. 62 Correct answer.
  4. 65

Explanation

Home Equity Conversion Mortgages are available to homeowners age 62 and older who occupy the property as a principal residence. Borrowers must also complete HUD-approved counseling before closing.

Question 5The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Why do many senior-focused advisors recommend that a newly widowed client avoid making an immediate decision to sell the family home?

  1. Lenders will not accept an application from a recent widow or widower
  2. Probate courts impose an automatic one-year ban on listing property
  3. Title companies require a new deed before any sale can occur
  4. Grief can cloud judgment, so a waiting period is often advised Correct answer.

Explanation

Bereavement commonly impairs concentration and financial judgment, so counselors often suggest deferring major, irreversible decisions for a period. The agent's role is to offer information and time, not to press for a listing.

Question 6The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

In discussions of the 50+ market, what does the term 'elder orphan' describe?

  1. Adults who lost their parents before reaching age 18
  2. Older adults who move to a new state after retirement
  3. Older adults who decline all offers of help from social agencies
  4. Older adults without children or available family support Correct answer.

Explanation

Elder orphans are older adults who have no adult children or no available family to assist with care and housing decisions. They often rely on professionals, friends, and public services, which raises the importance of careful documentation and referrals.

Question 7The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

What does the term 'naturally occurring retirement community' (NORC) describe?

  1. A rental building restricted to seniors under a federal subsidy program
  2. A subdivision built and marketed exclusively to buyers age 55 and older
  3. A nursing facility licensed for residents age 65 and over
  4. A neighborhood that has gradually become home to many older residents Correct answer.

Explanation

A NORC is an area that was not planned for older adults but has aged in place, so a large share of residents are now older. Because these residents may need services without having moved to purpose-built housing, they are a focus of local aging-in-place programs.

Question 8The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Universal design is best described as:

  1. Remodeling a home for a specific resident's medical condition
  2. Designing homes for residents age 62 and older only
  3. Design usable by all ages and abilities without adaptation Correct answer.
  4. Adding grab bars and a ramp after a fall occurs

Explanation

Universal design builds in features such as no-step entries, wide doorways, and lever handles so the home works for a wide range of users from the start. It differs from retrofitting, which responds to an individual's changing needs after the fact.

Question 9The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

An older client brings two adult children to the listing appointment. How should the agent proceed?

  1. Refuse to proceed until the client attends alone
  2. Take direction from the children, since they will manage the sale
  3. Ask the children to leave so the client can speak freely
  4. Address the client as the decision maker Correct answer.

Explanation

The person who signs the listing agreement is the client, and communications and instructions should center on that person. Family input may be welcomed, but the agent must not let relatives substitute their judgment for the client's.

Question 10The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which generation follows the baby boomers and is now entering the 50+ market in large numbers?

  1. Generation X Correct answer.
  2. Generation Z
  3. The Silent Generation
  4. The Greatest Generation

Explanation

Generation X, generally dated from 1965 to 1980, is the cohort immediately after the boomers and is now crossing into the 50+ bracket. Practitioners should expect this group's preferences and finances to differ from those of their parents.

Question 11The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Under federal fair housing law, which statement about age is accurate?

  1. Age is generally unprotected; older-persons housing is exempt Correct answer.
  2. Age discrimination rules apply only to federally subsidized housing
  3. Age is a protected class in every residential transaction nationwide
  4. Only renters age 62 and older are protected from age discrimination

Explanation

The Fair Housing Act does not list age among its protected classes, but the Housing for Older Persons Act exempts qualifying 55-and-over and 62-and-over communities from the familial status prohibition. State and local laws may add age protections, so local rules must be checked.

Question 12The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A married couple selling their long-time home asks about the capital gains exclusion on a principal residence. Which statement is accurate?

  1. The exclusion is available only once in a lifetime
  2. The exclusion applies only to sellers age 55 and older
  3. Eligibility depends on filing status and residency, not age Correct answer.
  4. The exclusion amount doubles automatically at age 70

Explanation

The exclusion is governed by filing status and by the requirement that the seller owned and used the home as a principal residence for two of the last five years. Age is not a factor, so a senior client may use the exclusion more than once if the tests are met.

Question 13The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which factor most often prompts a homeowner in the 50+ market to consider downsizing?

  1. A requirement to reinvest equity within five years
  2. A legal limit on home size for owners over 60
  3. Pressure from federal housing regulators
  4. A desire to reduce maintenance and housing costs Correct answer.

Explanation

Downsizing decisions are usually driven by the burden of upkeep, property taxes, utility costs, and stairs rather than by any legal requirement. Understanding which specific burden is motivating the client helps the agent match the next home to the real need.

Question 14The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

After an older client stops driving, which concern most affects where the client can realistically live?

  1. Access to public transit and medical appointments Correct answer.
  2. Availability of a two-car garage
  3. Proximity to a golf course or clubhouse
  4. The size of the home's formal dining room

Explanation

Transportation is a primary determinant of independence once driving ends, because medical visits, shopping, and social contact all depend on it. Location relative to transit, walkable services, and family support should therefore weigh heavily in the housing conversation.

Question 15The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

At what age do most people first become eligible for Medicare?

  1. 70
  2. 65 Correct answer.
  3. 55
  4. 62

Explanation

Medicare eligibility generally begins at age 65 for people who meet the work-history or residency requirements. Health coverage questions frequently shape the timing of a retirement move, so the agent should recognize 65 as the benchmark and refer detailed questions to a benefits specialist.

Question 16The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

For a worker born in 1960 or later, the full retirement age for Social Security is:

  1. 67 Correct answer.
  2. 65
  3. 66 and 6 months
  4. 66

Explanation

Full retirement age rises in steps for later birth cohorts and reaches 67 for anyone born in 1960 or later. Because claiming earlier reduces benefits permanently, retirement timing frequently shapes when a client is financially ready to move.

Question 17The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

What is 'elderspeak,' and why should an agent avoid it?

  1. Using formal legal terminology when explaining contracts
  2. Repeating information more slowly than usual
  3. Simplified, patronizing speech that can feel demeaning Correct answer.
  4. Communicating in writing instead of by telephone

Explanation

Elderspeak uses simplified vocabulary, exaggerated pitch, and terms of endearment that many older adults find disrespectful. It undermines rapport and can cause clients to withhold information or disengage from the process.

Question 18The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which financial characteristic is common among long-tenured homeowners age 65 and older?

  1. Many own their homes free of mortgage debt Correct answer.
  2. They must sell within a year of retiring
  3. They typically carry larger mortgage balances than first-time buyers
  4. They are ineligible for home equity loans

Explanation

Households that have owned for decades often have paid down or paid off the mortgage, so home equity can represent a large share of their net worth. That equity may support a purchase, a renovation, or a later-life income strategy, subject to the client's own advice.

Question 19The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A continuing care retirement community (CCRC) is best characterized by:

  1. A campus offering a full range of care levels under one contract Correct answer.
  2. A temporary respite facility for caregivers
  3. Subsidized apartments limited to low-income seniors
  4. Independent units with a nursing home located elsewhere in the county

Explanation

A CCRC combines independent living, assisted living, and skilled nursing on one campus, usually with an entrance fee and a residency contract. Because contracts vary widely, clients should review them with legal and financial advisors before committing.

Question 20The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which set of features best supports aging in place?

  1. A finished basement and a two-story foyer
  2. No-step entry, wider doorways, and grab bars Correct answer.
  3. A large master suite on the second floor
  4. Wall-to-wall carpeting and a sunken living room

Explanation

Aging in place is supported by features that remove barriers to mobility, such as step-free entrances, wider doorways, lever handles, and bathroom grab bars. These reduce fall risk and extend the years a resident can remain safely at home.

Question 21The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which reason do many 50+ buyers give for relocating to a new community?

  1. To avoid capital gains taxes
  2. To live closer to children and grandchildren Correct answer.
  3. To escape states with income taxes
  4. To qualify for a reverse mortgage

Explanation

Proximity to family, especially grandchildren, is one of the most frequently cited reasons older buyers give for a long-distance or in-region move. It is often balanced against ties to familiar doctors, services, and social networks.

Question 22The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

In housing operated under the 62-and-over exemption to the Fair Housing Act, what share of occupied units must be occupied by at least one person age 62 or older?

  1. At least 55 percent
  2. All of them Correct answer.
  3. At least 80 percent
  4. At least 90 percent

Explanation

The 62-and-over exemption requires that all occupied units be occupied by at least one person 62 or older, and the housing must be designed and operated for that group. The 80 percent occupancy test belongs to the separate 55-and-over exemption.

Question 23The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A client shows signs of confusion during a listing appointment. What is the agent's most appropriate step?

  1. Cancel the listing and notify the state real estate commission
  2. Have the client sign the listing agreement before clarity fades
  3. Proceed using the agent's own judgment about price
  4. Suggest the client involve family or an elder law attorney Correct answer.

Explanation

When capacity is in question, the agent should pause the transaction and encourage the client to involve trusted family members or legal counsel. Moving forward without confirming the client understands the contract risks an unenforceable agreement and harm to the client.

Question 24The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which approach best serves the 50+ market?

  1. Focus exclusively on retirement communities
  2. Use the same script for every senior client
  3. Assume that every older client wants to downsize to a smaller home
  4. Recognize wide variation in health, wealth and goals Correct answer.

Explanation

The 50+ population spans several decades of age and enormous differences in health, family situation, and financial resources. Effective practice means asking rather than assuming, and tailoring the process to the individual client.

Question 25The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A 68-year-old client with knee problems says she wants to stay in her two-story home. What is the agent's best first step?

  1. Explain that aging in place is no longer realistic
  2. Recommend listing before her health declines further
  3. Discuss single-level alternatives and home modifications Correct answer.
  4. Refer her directly to an assisted living facility

Explanation

The stated goal is to remain at home, so the agent should explore what would make that goal achievable, such as main-floor living arrangements and accessibility modifications. Only if those options fail does relocation become the appropriate conversation.

Question 26The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

In the United States, the baby boom generation is generally defined by which birth years?

  1. 1946 to 1964 Correct answer.
  2. 1981 to 1996
  3. 1965 to 1980
  4. 1928 to 1945

Explanation

The baby boom is conventionally dated from the post-World War II surge in births beginning in 1946 and ending in 1964. This cohort is now moving through the 50+ market in large numbers, which is why so much housing demand is tied to it.

Question 27The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Ageism refers to:

  1. A law mandating retirement at a fixed age
  2. A pricing strategy aimed at older buyers
  3. A clinical diagnosis of cognitive decline
  4. Prejudice or stereotyping based on age Correct answer.

Explanation

Ageism is the systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because of their age. It can show up in housing as assumptions about what older clients want or can do, and it distorts good advice.

Question 28The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

The term 'empty nesters' describes households in which:

  1. Grown children have moved out of the home Correct answer.
  2. Adults have never had children
  3. Retirees have sold the family home and rent
  4. Grandparents are raising grandchildren

Explanation

Empty nesters are parents whose children have grown and left home, which often frees space and prompts a rethinking of housing needs. The stage is a common trigger for considering a smaller or differently located home.

Question 29The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which statement best describes the 50+ population as a consumer market?

  1. Its members are defined mainly by declining health
  2. It prefers one standard housing type nationwide
  3. It is a single segment with uniform preferences
  4. It varies widely in health, wealth, and lifestyle Correct answer.

Explanation

The 50+ population spans roughly four decades of life and includes widely different health, income, family, and lifestyle situations. Treating it as a single homogeneous group leads to advice that fits almost no one.

Question 30The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Among Americans aged 65 and older, which pattern is accurate?

  1. Most people in this group live in nursing homes
  2. Widowhood rates are identical for men and women
  3. Women are more likely than men to be widowed Correct answer.
  4. Men are more likely than women to be widowed

Explanation

Because women have longer average life expectancies and often marry men slightly older than themselves, widowhood is far more common among older women. This shapes housing demand, since many widowed women live alone and may later seek smaller or more supportive settings.

Question 31The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Research on technology use among the 50+ population generally finds that:

  1. Only adults under 50 own smartphones
  2. This group rejects all forms of digital contact
  3. Almost no one in this group uses the internet
  4. Use is rising, but a digital divide persists Correct answer.

Explanation

Adoption of smartphones, video calls, and online services has grown quickly among older adults, but gaps remain tied to income, broadband access, and confidence. Agents should offer both digital and traditional communication rather than assuming a preference.

Question 32The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which statement about pets and older homeowners is most accurate?

  1. Most communities ban pets for residents over 60
  2. Older adults rarely keep pets of any kind
  3. Pets often shape whether and where to move Correct answer.
  4. Pets have no bearing on housing decisions

Explanation

Companion animals are common in older households and can determine which buildings, communities, or care settings are acceptable. Asking about pets early prevents recommending options that cannot accommodate them.

Question 33The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Age-related vision changes most often make which home feature important?

  1. Dimmer lighting to reduce glare
  2. Fewer windows in bedrooms
  3. Lower ceilings in main living areas
  4. Higher light levels and stronger contrast Correct answer.

Explanation

Aging eyes transmit less light and lose contrast sensitivity, so brighter task lighting and strong contrast between edges, stairs, and switches support safety and function. These changes matter long before any formal diagnosis of vision loss.

Question 34The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A couple in their late 50s want to sell their four-bedroom home, but their 29-year-old son has just moved back in after a job loss. What is the agent's most useful step?

  1. Advise them to list immediately before the son's plans are known
  2. Recommend they keep the home and abandon the move
  3. Ask how long the son will stay and how that affects the move Correct answer.
  4. Assume the son will not be part of the household

Explanation

Household composition drives the size, location, and timing of the next purchase, and adult children returning home is a recognized pattern in this market. Clarifying the arrangement up front keeps the advice aligned with how the household actually functions.

Question 35The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

'Gray divorce' refers to marital dissolution among couples aged 50 and older. Why does it matter in real estate?

  1. It often requires selling one home and funding two households Correct answer.
  2. It has no effect on the timing of a sale
  3. It rarely affects housing because older couples own homes outright
  4. It always involves a court-ordered property sale

Explanation

A later-life divorce converts one household into two, which usually means either selling the shared home or one spouse buying out the other. Both parties then need separate, affordable housing at a stage when many assumed their housing was settled.

Question 36The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

An adult daughter mentions during an appointment that she provides about 20 hours of care each week for her father, the seller. How should the agent use this information?

  1. Disregard it, since only the seller is the client
  2. Report it to state adult protective services
  3. Recommend the father move to a nursing facility
  4. Involve the daughter and factor caregiving into the plan Correct answer.

Explanation

Family caregivers often coordinate schedules, paperwork, and decisions, so they are practical stakeholders even when they hold no legal role. Their care load also affects timing, proximity, and what the next home must provide.

Question 37The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Why does social isolation matter when advising a 50+ buyer?

  1. It affects health and where a home should be Correct answer.
  2. It has no measurable effect on health
  3. It applies only to adults over age 85
  4. It matters mainly to people living entirely alone

Explanation

Sustained isolation is linked to poorer physical and mental health outcomes, which makes access to services, walkable destinations, and social contact a genuine housing criterion. Location advice should weigh that access alongside price and floor plan.

Question 38The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

An older seller receives an unsolicited letter offering to buy the home for cash at a price well below market, with a request to sign quickly. What should the agent advise?

  1. Verify details and consult a trusted advisor Correct answer.
  2. Sign quickly to avoid losing a motivated cash buyer
  3. Ignore the letter without discussing it with the client
  4. Counter at a higher price and sign that same day

Explanation

Unsolicited low-ball offers with urgency pressure are a recognized pattern in transactions targeting older homeowners. Slowing down and verifying the offer against market value and independent advice protects the client's equity.

Question 39The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A 78-year-old client's home no longer suits her physically, yet she resists moving. Which explanation is most consistent with research on place attachment?

  1. Attachment and memories outweigh practical drawbacks Correct answer.
  2. Older owners are often unaware of safety hazards in the home
  3. She is likely waiting for interest rates to fall
  4. She has not calculated her home's market value

Explanation

Place attachment ties identity, routine, and relationships to a specific home, so emotional cost can outweigh inconvenience. Understanding that cost lets the agent explore alternatives gradually rather than arguing only from practical facts.

Question 40The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A 63-year-old buyer plans to work part-time for several more years before retiring fully. How should the agent frame the search?

  1. Recommend renting until age 70 in every case
  2. Ignore work entirely and focus only on retirement
  3. Focus solely on finding the shortest commute available
  4. Weigh today's commute against long-term fit Correct answer.

Explanation

Phased retirement creates a dual horizon: the home must work for a few years of part-time work and for the longer period after full retirement. Balancing both horizons avoids a purchase that solves one phase and fails the next.

Question 41The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

What is the main driver behind the growth of multigenerational households?

  1. Economic strain, care needs, and culture Correct answer.
  2. Federal rules requiring shared housing
  3. Younger adults preferring to live alone
  4. A national shortage of single-family rentals

Explanation

Multigenerational living rises when housing and child care costs are high, when an older family member needs support, and where cultural norms favor shared households. The result is demand for homes that can accommodate separate routines within one property.

Question 42The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A client asks detailed questions about paying for long-term care and protecting assets, which go beyond the agent's scope. What is the best response?

  1. Refer the client to an elder law attorney Correct answer.
  2. Draft a plan based on personal experience
  3. Decline to discuss the topic at all
  4. Answer with general impressions and move on

Explanation

Elder law attorneys, financial planners, and aging life care professionals hold the expertise for these questions, and referral is the appropriate boundary. General impressions or personal anecdotes can lead a client into expensive mistakes.

Question 43The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A client wants a setting that offers meals, transportation, and social activities but no medical or personal care. Which option fits best?

  1. An independent living community Correct answer.
  2. A licensed assisted living residence
  3. A memory care unit
  4. A skilled nursing facility

Explanation

Independent living communities provide hospitality-style services and social programming while residents remain responsible for their own care. Once personal or medical care is needed, assisted living or a higher level of care becomes the match.

Question 44The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

In the 'village' model, older adults typically:

  1. Buy into a community that provides escalating levels of care
  2. Join a membership group that coordinates home services Correct answer.
  3. Move to a rural compound shared by several families
  4. Live in dormitory-style housing on a college campus

Explanation

Villages are membership organizations, often member-governed and volunteer-supported, that connect older adults to vetted services so they can remain in their own homes. The model is a support network rather than a building.

Question 45The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Which housing arrangement is characterized by private homes clustered around shared common spaces with resident-led decision making?

  1. A manufactured home park with absentee owners
  2. A gated age-restricted subdivision with an HOA board
  3. A cohousing community Correct answer.
  4. A licensed assisted living residence

Explanation

Cohousing mixes private dwellings with extensive shared facilities and consensus-style governance by the residents themselves. It appeals to some 50+ buyers who want mutual support without a formal care setting.

Question 46The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

The 'great wealth transfer' is significant to housing because:

  1. Much of it is home equity and real property Correct answer.
  2. It applies only to households without children
  3. It happens entirely through cash gifts during life
  4. It eliminates the need for estate planning

Explanation

A large share of the wealth expected to pass to younger generations sits in real estate, so the transfer reshapes ownership, sales timing, and inheritance decisions. Agents encounter it when heirs become co-owners or when a home must be sold to settle an estate.

Question 47The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

A 62-year-old client says, 'Please don't call me a senior, I'm not old.' What is the most useful interpretation?

  1. Only the terminology matters in this situation
  2. The client is in denial about aging and should be corrected
  3. The client is too young to be a serious prospect
  4. Ask how the client prefers to be described Correct answer.

Explanation

Self-identification with age labels varies widely, and many people in their 50s and 60s reject terms they associate with decline. Asking how a client prefers to be described keeps the conversation focused on needs rather than assumptions.

Question 48The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

An 84-year-old client wants to sell her home and move near her sister. Her son, who is not a party to the transaction, objects and asks the agent to stall the sale. What is the agent's best course?

  1. Honor the client's instructions while hearing the son's concerns Correct answer.
  2. Follow the son's request, since families usually act in the parent's interest
  3. Refuse to speak with the son and proceed without explanation
  4. Delay the listing until the family reaches agreement

Explanation

The agent's duty runs to the client, who is presumed capable unless a legal determination says otherwise. Listening respectfully to family concerns preserves the relationship without transferring decision-making authority to a third party.

Question 49The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

Why should an agent focus on functional ability rather than chronological age?

  1. Same-age people differ widely in health and mobility Correct answer.
  2. Chronological age changes the legal duties owed to a client
  3. Functional ability can be measured only by a physician
  4. Chronological age is not recorded in public records

Explanation

Two people born in the same year may differ sharply in stamina, cognition, and independence, so age alone predicts very little about housing needs. Observing functional ability and asking directly produces far more accurate recommendations.

Question 50The 50+ Market: Needs, Priorities and Motivations

In the United States, roughly how much additional life can a 65-year-old expect, on average?

  1. About 30 more years
  2. About 5 more years
  3. About 10 more years
  4. About 19 more years Correct answer.

Explanation

Average remaining life expectancy at age 65 is roughly two decades, meaning a home chosen at retirement may need to serve for 20 years or more. That long horizon is why future mobility and support needs belong in today's decision.