SACE Stage 2 Romanian (continuers) key terms

Any graded task set and marked by the student's own teacher during the year, such as a written response, oral presentation or research folio, counting toward the school-assessed portion of the final grade.

Assessment designed, administered and marked inside the school by the classroom teacher rather than by an outside authority, usually moderated afterwards to keep standards consistent across classes.

Assessment set and marked by an authority outside the school, such as a state examination board, so that every candidate in the subject sits the same tasks under the same conditions.

A timed written paper sat under supervised conditions, typically containing reading, listening and writing tasks in Romanian that are marked against published criteria by external examiners.

A spoken assessment in which the candidate talks with an examiner or delivers a short presentation in Romanian, judged on fluency, range, pronunciation and ability to interact and sustain meaning.

The published descriptors that tell markers what to reward and how many marks each feature earns, so that different examiners reach comparable judgments about the same piece of work.

A quality-control process in which teachers or markers compare and adjust their judgments against samples or against each other, so that marks given in different schools remain fair and consistent.

The mark a student earns from school-based tasks across the year, later combined with the external examination result to produce the final subject grade.

A folder or collection of a student's completed assessment tasks and drafts kept during the year, used by teachers and moderators to check that marks are supported by evidence.

A written or spoken passage whose main purpose is to convey facts, news or explanation, often tested by asking the candidate to identify key points and details.

A passage or student response that takes a position and supports it with reasons and evidence, requiring the reader or writer to follow a line of reasoning to a conclusion.

The central point that a passage or recording is making, which a candidate must state accurately when summarising or answering comprehension questions.

A supporting detail or smaller point within a text that explains, illustrates or qualifies the main idea, often the target of specific comprehension questions.

A conclusion a reader or listener draws from clues in a text rather than from a statement made outright, tested by questions asking what is implied or suggested.

Meaning that is conveyed indirectly through tone, word choice or situation rather than stated plainly, which the candidate must recognise to answer higher-order questions.

The surrounding words, situation or cultural setting that helps a reader work out the meaning of an unfamiliar expression or the purpose of a text.

A word or short phrase in a question or text that carries the essential information, guiding the candidate to the part of the passage where the answer lies.

Restating the content of a text or statement in different words while keeping the meaning, a common requirement in summary and comprehension tasks.

A short account of a text's main points, written in the candidate's own words and usually limited in length, testing both comprehension and control of expression.

The position or claim that a writer sets out to defend in an argumentative piece, which should be clear, specific and carried through the whole response.

A reason, example or piece of evidence offered to support a claim, ideally relevant, developed and linked logically to the position being defended.

An opposing view that a writer acknowledges and then answers, showing balanced awareness of other positions before reinforcing the original claim.

A linking word or phrase such as 'totuși', 'prin urmare' or 'pe de altă parte' that shows how ideas relate, improving cohesion in written and spoken responses.

The way sentences and paragraphs are tied together through linking words, pronouns and consistent referencing so that a text reads as a single connected whole.

The quality of a text whose ideas are organised logically and stay on topic, so that each part clearly contributes to the overall purpose.

A group of sentences developing one point, marked visually by indentation or spacing and used to give structure to an extended written response.

A brief outline of the points and their order, prepared before writing, that helps the candidate organise a response within the time allowed.

A first rough version of a piece of writing, produced quickly to get ideas down, later revised for accuracy, order and style before submission.

The stage of rereading and improving a draft, checking grammar, vocabulary, spelling and organisation, and correcting errors before the work is handed in.

The level of formality in language, ranging from casual speech to formal writing, which must suit the audience and purpose of the task.

The conventional opening and closing used in letters and emails, such as 'Dragă Ana' or 'Cu stimă', chosen to match the relationship and the required register.

A letter written to someone in an official or professional role, following conventions such as a formal greeting, clear purpose, polite tone and conventional sign-off.

A short electronic message whose subject line, greeting, body and closing must be adapted to the reader, a frequent task type in external writing papers.

The ability to speak or write with reasonable speed and smoothness, without long pauses or constant self-correction that would disrupt communication.

The way words are sounded, including stress, vowels and consonants, judged in oral assessment for how far it allows a listener to understand the speaker easily.

The stress placed on a particular syllable of a word, or a regional way of speaking, both of which can affect clarity and meaning in Romanian.

Accuracy in using forms and structures such as verb endings, cases and agreement, one of the features examiners reward in both written and spoken tasks.

The range of words and expressions a candidate can use appropriately, including synonyms and idiomatic phrases that make expression precise rather than repetitive.

A word with a meaning close to another, useful for paraphrasing and for avoiding repetition, though rarely interchangeable in every context.

The attitude conveyed by a speaker or writer, such as irony, enthusiasm or concern, which listeners and readers infer from word choice and delivery.