What number completes the sequence 3, 6, 12, 24, ___?
- 42
- 48 Correct answer.
- 30
- 36
Explanation
Each term is obtained by doubling the previous one: 3×2=6, 6×2=12, and 12×2=24. Applying the same rule again gives 24×2=48, so 48 is the next term.
ESNAMIL Examen Intelectual practice questions
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Which item is the odd one out: triangle, circle, square, rectangle?
- Circle Correct answer.
- Rectangle
- Square
- Triangle
Explanation
A circle is the only figure in the list that has no straight sides; triangles, squares and rectangles are all polygons made of straight line segments. The classification therefore separates the circle from the others.
Book is to reading as fork is to ___.
- cooking
- eating Correct answer.
- drawing
- writing
Explanation
A book is the object typically used for reading, just as a fork is the utensil typically used for eating. The analogy pairs an object with its standard function.
All mammals are warm-blooded. No reptiles are warm-blooded. Which conclusion follows necessarily?
- No reptiles are mammals Correct answer.
- Some mammals are reptiles
- All warm-blooded animals are mammals
- All reptiles are cold-blooded
Explanation
If every mammal is warm-blooded, then an animal that is not warm-blooded cannot be a mammal. Since no reptile is warm-blooded, no reptile can be a mammal; the conclusion follows by valid categorical reasoning.
In a race, Dora finished before Ana, Ana finished before Ben, and Ben finished before Carla. Who finished first?
- Ana
- Dora Correct answer.
- Ben
- Carla
Explanation
The statements form a chain: Dora before Ana, Ana before Ben, and Ben before Carla. Therefore Dora precedes every other named runner and must have finished first.
Two fair six-sided dice are rolled. What is the probability that the sum of the two results is 7?
- 7/36
- 1/9
- 1/6 Correct answer.
- 1/12
Explanation
There are 36 equally likely outcomes when two dice are rolled. The sums equal to 7 occur in six outcomes: (1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2), and (6,1). Thus the probability is 6/36 = 1/6.
Letters are coded by their alphabet position, with A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26. If CAT is coded as 3-1-20, how is DOG coded?
- 4175
- 4517
- 4157 Correct answer.
- 4167
Explanation
Using A=1 through Z=26, D=4, O=15, and G=7. Writing the values in order gives 4-15-7, which is written as 4157.
On an island, knights always tell the truth and knaves always lie. A says, "Both of us are knaves." What are A and B?
- A is a knave while B is a knight Correct answer.
- A is a knight while B is a knave
- Both A and B are knights
- Both A and B are knaves
Explanation
If A were a knight, the statement that both are knaves would be true, which would make A a knave-a contradiction. Therefore A is a knave, the statement is false, and it is not the case that both are knaves; since A is a knave, B must be a knight.
How many distinct arrangements can be made using all the letters of the word LEVEL?
- 30 Correct answer.
- 60
- 20
- 120
Explanation
The word LEVEL has five letters, with L appearing twice and E appearing twice. The number of distinct arrangements is 5!/(2!×2!) = 120/4 = 30.
Marta arrived at the station at 8:00. Her train was scheduled for 8:15 but was delayed by 40 minutes. At what time did the train depart?
- 8:15
- 9:05
- 8:40
- 8:55 Correct answer.
Explanation
The train was scheduled for 8:15 and delayed by 40 minutes. Adding 40 minutes to 8:15 gives 8:55.
Needle is to thread as key is to ___.
- metal
- door
- lock Correct answer.
- turn
Explanation
A needle is the small tool that guides and controls thread, and a key is the small tool that operates a lock. The link is tool-to-object-operated, so the missing term must be the thing the key directly acts on.
What number continues the sequence 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ___?
- 39
- 41
- 37 Correct answer.
- 35
Explanation
The gaps between neighbouring terms are 3, 5, 7 and 9, so each gap is two larger than the one before. The next gap must be 11, and 26 + 11 = 37.
Three of these words name metals. Which one names a material that is not a metal?
- copper
- silver
- iron
- granite Correct answer.
Explanation
Copper, iron and silver are all metallic elements that conduct electricity and can be worked into wire or sheet. Granite is a rock formed from interlocking mineral grains, so it belongs to a different category of material.
Some artists are painters. All painters are creative. Which conclusion must be true?
- All artists are creative.
- No artists are creative.
- All creative people are painters.
- Some artists are creative. Correct answer.
Explanation
The artists who are painters fall inside the group of creative people, so at least those artists must be creative. This guarantees that some artists are creative, while the other options claim more than the premises establish.
In a queue, Mia is 4th from the front and 7th from the back. How many people are in the queue?
- 11
- 10 Correct answer.
- 9
- 12
Explanation
Counting from the front gives 4 people including Mia, and counting from the back gives 7 including her again. Mia has been counted twice, so the total is 4 + 7 - 1 = 10.
A bag holds 4 red balls and 6 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random, one after the other, without replacement. What is the probability that both are red?
- 4/25
- 2/15 Correct answer.
- 8/45
- 1/5
Explanation
The chance that the first ball is red is 4/10, and after removing it the chance that the second is red is 3/9. Multiplying gives (4/10) x (3/9) = 12/90, which simplifies to 2/15.
In a certain code, MOUSE is written as NPVTF. Using the same rule, how is CHAIR written?
- DIBJS Correct answer.
- EIBJS
- DJBIS
- DIBJT
Explanation
Each letter of MOUSE is replaced by the letter immediately after it in the alphabet: M becomes N, O becomes P, and so on. Applying the same one-step forward shift to CHAIR gives D, I, B, J, S.
If it rains, the match is cancelled. The match was not cancelled. What follows necessarily?
- It did not rain. Correct answer.
- Nothing can be concluded about the weather.
- The match was played indoors.
- It rained.
Explanation
The rule states that rain guarantees cancellation, so the absence of cancellation rules out rain by contraposition. This is the valid inference pattern of denying the consequent.
What is the smaller angle between the hour hand and the minute hand of an analogue clock at 3:40?
- 120 degrees
- 130 degrees Correct answer.
- 150 degrees
- 140 degrees
Explanation
At 40 minutes the minute hand points to 240 degrees from twelve, moving 6 degrees per minute. The hour hand has moved 3 hours and 40 minutes, giving 110 degrees at 0.5 degrees per minute, so the gap is 240 - 110 = 130 degrees.
Five people A, B, C, D and E sit in a row of five seats numbered 1 to 5 from left to right. D sits in seat 1, A sits immediately to the right of D, and E sits in seat 5. B sits immediately to the right of C. Who sits in the middle seat?
- A
- C Correct answer.
- D
- B
Explanation
D takes seat 1 and A must take seat 2, while E occupies seat 5. The remaining seats 3 and 4 hold C and B, and since B must sit immediately right of C, C takes seat 3 and B takes seat 4. The middle seat therefore belongs to C.
Sculptor is to chisel as surgeon is to ___.
- medicine
- hospital
- patient
- scalpel Correct answer.
Explanation
A sculptor uses a chisel as the characteristic tool of the trade; similarly, a surgeon uses a scalpel as the characteristic cutting instrument. The relationship is profession to tool, not profession to workplace or patient.
What number continues the sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, ___?
- 14
- 12
- 13 Correct answer.
- 11
Explanation
Each term after the first two is the sum of the two preceding terms: 1+1=2, 1+2=3, 2+3=5, 3+5=8, so the next term is 5+8=13. This is the Fibonacci pattern.
Which of these numbers is prime?
- 15
- 21
- 27
- 17 Correct answer.
Explanation
A prime number has exactly two positive divisors: 1 and itself. Among the choices, 17 is divisible only by 1 and 17, while 15, 21, and 27 are composite.
No fish are mammals. All salmon are fish. Which conclusion must be true?
- Some mammals are salmon
- No salmon are mammals Correct answer.
- Some salmon are mammals
- All mammals are salmon
Explanation
Since all salmon are fish and no fish are mammals, no salmon can be a mammal. The conclusion follows directly by combining the two universal statements.
In a certain code, each letter is replaced by the letter three positions later in the alphabet, wrapping from Z to A. How is FISH written?
- ILVK Correct answer.
- HLVK
- ILVJ
- ILWK
Explanation
Shifting each letter three places forward gives F to I, I to L, S to V, and H to K, so FISH becomes ILVK. Wrapping would matter only near the end of the alphabet.
Five students P, Q, R, S, and T stand in a line by height. P is taller than Q but shorter than R. S is taller than R. T is shorter than Q. Who is tallest?
- Q
- P
- S Correct answer.
- R
Explanation
R is taller than P, and P is taller than Q, while S is taller than R; T is shorter than Q. Chaining these comparisons gives S > R > P > Q > T, so S is tallest.
A standard deck has 52 cards. One card is drawn at random. What is the probability that it is a heart or a king?
- 1/4
- 17/52
- 4/13 Correct answer.
- 1/13
Explanation
There are 13 hearts and 4 kings, but the king of hearts is counted twice. The favorable count is 13+4-1=16, so the probability is 16/52, which simplifies to 4/13.
How many distinct arrangements can be made using all the letters of the word MOON?
- 48
- 24
- 6
- 12 Correct answer.
Explanation
The word MOON has four letters with O repeated twice. Distinct arrangements equal 4!/2! = 24/2 = 12, dividing by 2! for the identical O's.
On an island, knights always tell the truth and knaves always lie. A says, "I am a knave or B is a knight." What are A and B?
- A is a knight and B is a knight Correct answer.
- A is a knave and B is a knight
- A is a knave, and B is a knave as well
- A is a knight and B is a knave
Explanation
If A were a knave, the statement 'I am a knave or B is a knight' would be true because its first part is true, contradicting that knaves lie. Therefore A is a knight, making the statement true; since 'A is a knave' is false, B must be a knight.
What is the smaller angle between the hour hand and the minute hand of an analogue clock at 8:20?
- 130° Correct answer.
- 120°
- 140°
- 100°
Explanation
At 8:20, the minute hand points at 120° from 12. The hour hand has moved 8 times 30° plus 20 times 0.5°, which equals 250°. The difference is 130°, and since this is less than 180°, the smaller angle is 130°.
Thermometer is to temperature as barometer is to ___.
- pressure Correct answer.
- humidity
- wind speed
- rainfall
Explanation
A thermometer is an instrument used to measure temperature, just as a barometer is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. Humidity, wind speed and rainfall are measured by other instruments, such as a hygrometer, anemometer and rain gauge.
What number continues the sequence 5, 10, 20, 40, ___?
- 80 Correct answer.
- 100
- 120
- 60
Explanation
Each term is double the previous term: 5 × 2 = 10, 10 × 2 = 20, and 40 × 2 = 80. The missing number is therefore 80.
In traditional pigment mixing, which of these colours is a secondary colour?
- yellow
- red
- blue
- green Correct answer.
Explanation
In traditional pigment mixing, red, blue and yellow are primary colours. Green is a secondary colour made by mixing blue and yellow, so it is the one that does not belong to the primary set.
All violins are string instruments. No string instruments are percussion instruments. Which conclusion must be true?
- No violins are percussion instruments. Correct answer.
- All violins are percussion instruments.
- Some violins are percussion instruments.
- All percussion instruments are violins.
Explanation
Every violin belongs to the string family, and no string instrument belongs to the percussion family. Therefore no violin can be a percussion instrument. The other options either contradict the premises or reverse the relationship between violins and percussion instruments.
In a certain code, each letter is replaced by its mirror opposite in the alphabet, so A becomes Z, B becomes Y, and so on. How is CAT written in this code?
- XZH
- ZXG
- XZG Correct answer.
- BZX
Explanation
The rule pairs each letter with its mirror opposite in the alphabet: A becomes Z, B becomes Y, and so on. For CAT, C becomes X, A becomes Z, and T becomes G, giving XZG.
Four friends - Ana, Ben, Cara and Dan - sit around a square table, one on each side. Ana sits opposite Ben. Cara sits immediately to Ana's left. Who sits opposite Cara?
- Cara
- Ana
- Ben
- Dan Correct answer.
Explanation
With Ana opposite Ben, Cara sits immediately to Ana's left. Around a square table this places Cara opposite Dan, because Dan must occupy the remaining side opposite Cara.
A fair six-sided die is rolled twice. What is the probability that the sum of the two rolls is 7?
- 1/6 Correct answer.
- 1/9
- 5/36
- 1/12
Explanation
There are 36 equally likely outcomes when two fair dice are rolled. Six outcomes give a sum of seven: (1,6), (2,5), (3,4), (4,3), (5,2) and (6,1), so the probability is 6/36 = 1/6.
What is the smaller angle between the hour hand and the minute hand of an analogue clock at 10:10?
- 120°
- 125°
- 115° Correct answer.
- 110°
Explanation
At 10:10 the minute hand points to 2, which is 60° from 12. The hour hand has moved 10 minutes past 10, giving 10 × 30° + 10 × 0.5° = 305°. The smaller difference is 360° − (305° − 60°) = 115°.
Three boxes are labelled 'Apples', 'Oranges' and 'Mixed', but every label is wrong. You may draw one fruit from one box without looking. From which box should you draw to determine all three contents?
- Mixed Correct answer.
- Oranges
- Any box
- Apples
Explanation
The box labelled Mixed cannot actually be mixed because its label is wrong, so it must contain only apples or only oranges. Drawing from it identifies its single fruit, and the other mislabelled boxes are then determined by elimination.
A snail climbs 3 metres up a 10-metre well each day and slides 2 metres down each night. It starts at the bottom on the morning of day 1. On which day does it first reach the top?
- 8 Correct answer.
- 10
- 9
- 7
Explanation
After each full day-night cycle the snail gains a net 1 metre. After seven nights it is at 7 metres; on day 8 it climbs 3 metres to reach 10 metres and leaves the well before sliding back.
Cartographer is to map as choreographer is to ___.
- costume
- dance Correct answer.
- music
- stage
Explanation
A cartographer creates maps, so the analogy is a person to the artistic product they create. A choreographer creates dances rather than music, stages, or costumes. The relation is therefore creator to created work.
If today is Wednesday, what day of the week will it be in 10 days?
- Monday
- Friday
- Saturday Correct answer.
- Tuesday
Explanation
A week has seven days, so adding ten days is the same as adding three days after one full week. Wednesday plus three days is Saturday. The extra seven days simply return to the same weekday.
Which of these numbers is a perfect square?
- 20
- 16 Correct answer.
- 12
- 24
Explanation
A perfect square is an integer multiplied by itself. Sixteen equals four times four, so it has an integer square root. The other values lie between consecutive squares and have no whole-number square root.
In a race, D finished before A, A before B, B before C, and E finished after C. Who finished last?
- E Correct answer.
- C
- A
- B
Explanation
The chain D before A before B before C before E places E after every other runner. Since C is before E, C cannot be last. Therefore E must have finished last.
In a certain code, 3 becomes 12, 4 becomes 20, and 5 becomes 30. What does 7 become?
- 49
- 42
- 63
- 56 Correct answer.
Explanation
The rule maps each number n to n multiplied by n plus one: 3 times 4 is 12, 4 times 5 is 20, and 5 times 6 is 30. Applying the same rule, 7 times 8 equals 56.
A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 blue balls. Two balls are drawn without replacement. What is the probability that both are blue?
- 3/14
- 5/16
- 5/14 Correct answer.
- 25/64
Explanation
The probability the first draw is blue is 5/8. After removing one blue ball, 4 blue balls remain among 7 balls, so the second probability is 4/7. Multiplying gives 20/56, which simplifies to 5/14.
If it rains, the ground gets wet. The ground is wet. Which conclusion is logically justified?
- It rained.
- Rain cannot be determined. Correct answer.
- It did not rain.
- The ground is always wet.
Explanation
The premise says rain is sufficient for a wet ground, not that wet ground requires rain. Other causes could wet the ground, so observing wet ground does not establish whether it rained. The only justified conclusion is that rain cannot be determined from the information given.
A train travels 60 kilometres in 45 minutes. What is its average speed?
- 60 km/h
- 90 km/h
- 80 km/h Correct answer.
- 75 km/h
Explanation
Forty-five minutes is three quarters of an hour, or 0.75 hours. Average speed equals distance divided by time, so 60 divided by 0.75 equals 80 kilometres per hour.
A clock takes 5 seconds to strike 6 times. How long will it take to strike 12 times at the same rate?
- 11 seconds Correct answer.
- 12 seconds
- 15 seconds
- 10 seconds
Explanation
Six strikes create five equal intervals between them, so each interval lasts 5 divided by 5, or 1 second. Twelve strikes create eleven intervals, so the total time is 11 seconds. Counting strikes rather than intervals is the common trap.
In a group of 30 people, 18 like tea, 15 like coffee, and 6 like neither. How many like both tea and coffee?
- 9 Correct answer.
- 6
- 3
- 12
Explanation
The number who like at least one drink is 30 minus 6, which is 24. By inclusion-exclusion, both equals 18 plus 15 minus 24, giving 9. This counts the overlap once rather than double-counting it.