Denmark Category D/E Bus Trailer Theory Test flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Due care

Færdselsloven §3 requires all road users to act with care and caution, adjusting speed to conditions and being able to stop in the visible distance ahead.

Speed limit bus with trailer

On motorways, a bus with trailer is generally limited to 80 km/h; on other roads outside built-up areas, 70 km/h, unless signs indicate lower limits.

Alcohol limit professional drivers

The general blood alcohol limit is 0.5 g/L (0.05%). Professional drivers are subject to the same limit, but violations can lead to loss of professional driving rights.

Pedestrian crossing rules

Drivers must yield to pedestrians at marked crossings. A bus with trailer needs longer stopping distances, so approach crossings at reduced speed.

Maximum combination length

A bus with trailer combination must not exceed 18.75 metres in length, unless it meets specific conditions for longer combinations up to 25.25 metres.

Trailer MAM limit

The trailer's maximum authorised mass must not exceed the towing capacity specified by the bus manufacturer in the vehicle registration document.

Load securing requirement

Load must be secured to prevent shifting. Use approved straps or nets; the lashing capacity should be at least 50% of the load weight for safe transport.

Passengers in trailer

Passengers are generally not allowed in a trailer unless it is specially designed and approved for passenger transport, with proper seating and safety measures.

Off-tracking in turns

When turning, the rear wheels of a bus with trailer follow a tighter path than the front wheels. Drivers must swing wide to avoid hitting kerbs or obstacles.

Reversing with trailer

To reverse a trailer, steer opposite to the desired direction of the trailer. Use mirrors and a guide; practice in a safe area to master control.

Braking with trailer

Stopping distance increases with a trailer. Use engine braking and retarders to avoid brake fade; avoid sudden braking on curves to maintain stability.

Rollover risk

A high centre of gravity and trailer load increase rollover risk. Reduce speed in curves, avoid abrupt steering, and load heavy items low.

Load securing straps

Use straps with tensioners; number depends on load weight and friction. Minimum lashing capacity is 50% of load weight; check straps for wear before use.

Emergency exits bus

Emergency exits include doors, windows, and roof hatches. They must be unobstructed and clearly marked. Know how to operate them in an emergency.

Passenger seat belts

If seat belts are fitted, passengers must use them. The driver must inform passengers. Children under 135 cm need approved child restraints where available.

Pre-trip inspection

Before driving, check tyres, lights, brakes, coupling, load securing, and emergency equipment. Ensure trailer is properly connected and lights work.

Daily driving limit

Maximum daily driving time is 9 hours, extendable to 10 hours twice a week. Weekly maximum is 56 hours; fortnightly maximum is 90 hours.

Required break

After 4.5 hours of driving, take a 45-minute break, which can be split into 15 and 30 minutes. Breaks must be recorded on the tachograph.

Daily rest period

Daily rest must be at least 11 hours, reducible to 9 hours up to three times between weekly rests. Weekly rest is 45 hours, reducible to 24 hours.

Tachograph records

Drivers must record all activities: driving, other work, availability, and rest. Manual entries are required for non-driving days. Records must be kept for one year.

Emergency call number

In Denmark, call 112 for emergency services (police, fire, ambulance). Provide location, nature of incident, and number of injured.

First aid ABC

Check Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Control bleeding with direct pressure. Do not move injured persons unless necessary to prevent further harm.

Bus evacuation procedure

In an emergency, evacuate passengers via nearest exits. Use emergency doors, windows, or roof hatches. Assist vulnerable passengers and ensure no one is left behind.

Fire extinguisher use

Use fire extinguisher only if safe and trained. Aim at base of fire, use sweeping motion. Evacuate immediately if fire cannot be controlled.

Tyre tread depth minimum

For buses and trailers over 3.5 tonnes, minimum tread depth is 1.0 mm. For cars, it is 1.6 mm. Check tyres regularly for wear and damage.

Trailer brake check

Ensure trailer brakes engage when bus brakes are applied. Test before driving. Check air pressure (for air brakes) and brake fluid level if applicable.

Coupling inspection

Inspect hitch, safety cable, and electrical connection. Ensure trailer is securely attached and lights function. Lubricate moving parts as needed.

Periodic roadworthiness test

Buses must undergo annual roadworthiness test (syn) after first year, then annually. Trailers also require periodic inspection. Keep records.

Eco-driving techniques

Smooth acceleration, anticipating traffic, using highest gear, and avoiding idling reduce fuel consumption and emissions. Correct tyre pressure also improves efficiency.

Idling reduction

Turn off engine when stationary for more than one minute (except in traffic). Idling wastes fuel and increases emissions and noise.

Noise reduction

Avoid revving engine, use engine brake wisely, and keep vehicle maintained. Noise limits are enforced in built-up areas, especially at night.

Route planning fuel efficiency

Plan routes to avoid congestion and choose efficient roads. Use GPS and real-time traffic info to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.