Estonian Basic-School Civics Exam study plan

Define the core concepts of Domain 1 (social group, socialisation, norm, value, sanction, role) in your own words and give one Estonian example for each

Distinguish primary and secondary socialisation and map which agents (family, school, peer group, media, workplace) carry which part of the process

Classify ten everyday rules as folkways, mores or formal legal norms, and explain what sanction backs each one

Outline the Estonian state structure: Riigikogu, President, Government, courts, and the principle of separation of powers, naming the main function of each institution

Explain how a law passes through the Riigikogu and where the President's role begins

Describe the acquisition and loss of Estonian citizenship, including naturalisation requirements and the status of stateless residents

List the fundamental rights in the Estonian Constitution and match each to the chapter it appears in

Compare direct and representative democracy and place the Estonian referendum and Riigikogu election rules in that frame

Explain how local government (omavalitsus) differs from central government in tasks and financing

Identify three ways a resident without party membership can influence a decision at local level

Analyse a current civic controversy using the concepts of rights, duties and the common good, naming the parties and their arguments

Explain the role of the Chancellor of Justice and the courts in protecting rights

Describe how an NGO or civic initiative moves from idea to registered association and what it can legally do

Trace how social norms shift into legal norms using one historical or contemporary Estonian example

Distinguish the main business forms (sole proprietor, private limited company, public limited company, cooperative) by liability, capital and registration

Explain the roles of employer, employee, and the state in an employment relationship, including a standard employment contract and the probation period

Interpret a payslip: gross salary, income tax, unemployment insurance, pension contribution, social tax and net pay

Compare saving, borrowing and investing options available to an ordinary household and identify the main risk in each

Explain what a collective agreement is and how trade unions influence working conditions

Build a monthly household budget covering fixed costs, variable costs and savings, and identify two realistic ways to cut spending

Explain consumer rights when a purchased good is faulty, including the complaint path and the role of the consumer protection authority

Describe how advertising and influencer marketing try to shape consumption and name the disclosure rules that apply

Identify the markers of a reliable online source (author, date, evidence, cross-checking) and apply them to three articles on one economic topic

Explain what a filter bubble and echo chamber are and how recommendation algorithms contribute to them

Distinguish misinformation, disinformation and malinformation and give one plausible example of each in an Estonian context

Apply a fact-checking routine to two viral claims: reverse-search the image, locate the original source, check the date and context

Explain how public service and commercial media differ in funding and editorial independence

Define culture, subculture and identity, and explain how language and national symbols function in Estonian identity

Describe the main minority groups in Estonia and one policy or institution that addresses their integration

Describe the functions of the family and how family forms have changed in Estonia over recent decades

Explain the legal framework of marriage, registered partnership, parental rights and child protection in outline

Identify the main forms of inequality and exclusion in everyday social relations and one measure that counters each

Explain how stereotypes and prejudice lead to discrimination, and name the institution that handles discrimination complaints in Estonia

Compare integration models (assimilation, multiculturalism, interculturalism) and argue for one with reasons

Explain the three pillars of sustainable development and apply them to one Estonian resource or energy decision

Describe Estonia's main environmental challenges and the policy tools used to address them

Explain what globalisation does to jobs, prices and culture, naming one benefit and one cost for Estonia

Link the Sustainable Development Goals to concrete local actions a citizen or municipality can take

Synthesise all eight domains in a timed full-length practice run and review every wrong answer against its domain