Haryana BSEH Secondary NSQF Physical Education key terms

The ability of the body to carry out daily tasks with vigour and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with enough energy left to enjoy leisure and meet emergencies.

The capacity of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to supply oxygen to working muscles during sustained activity. It is often measured by a timed run or a step test.

The maximum force a muscle or group of muscles can produce in a single effort, such as one lift or one push against resistance.

The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to keep contracting repeatedly, or to hold a contraction, over a long period without tiring quickly.

The range of movement possible at a joint or set of joints. It depends on muscle length, joint structure, and regular stretching practice.

Exercise of moderate intensity, sustained long enough that the body can supply oxygen to the muscles throughout, such as jogging, cycling, or swimming at a steady pace.

Short, high-intensity effort in which the body cannot supply enough oxygen for the muscles, so energy comes from stored sources, as in sprinting or heavy lifting.

A short period of light activity and gentle stretching done before exercise to raise body temperature, loosen joints, and lower the risk of injury.

Gentle activity and stretching performed after exercise to help the heart rate and breathing return gradually to resting levels and to reduce stiffness.

A substance produced in muscles during hard anaerobic effort when oxygen is scarce; its build-up is linked with the burning feeling and fatigue that follow such work.

A screening measure found by dividing body weight in kilograms by the square of height in metres; it gives a rough idea of whether weight is healthy for height.

A contraction in which the muscle works against a fixed resistance without changing length, so the joint does not move, for example holding a plank position.

An illness caused by germs such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites that can pass from one person, animal, or object to another through air, water, food, or contact.

Everyday habits such as bathing, brushing teeth, washing hands, and keeping clothes and nails clean, which help prevent infection and maintain good health.

The safe management of human waste, drinking water, and refuse through toilets, drainage, and clean surroundings, so that disease-causing germs do not spread.

Giving a weakened or inactive part of a germ, or its product, to make the body's defence system ready to fight that disease later.

The body's ability to resist a particular infection, either because it has recovered from the disease before or because it has been protected by vaccination.

A daily food pattern that supplies carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and fibre in the right amounts and proportions for the body's needs.

A nutrient needed by the body in large amounts to supply energy or build tissue; the three macronutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

A vitamin or mineral needed by the body only in small amounts, yet essential for growth, strong bones, good eyesight, and proper working of body systems.

Poor health caused by an unbalanced intake of food, whether too little, too much, or lacking the right nutrients; it includes both undernutrition and overnutrition.

A condition in which excess body fat has built up enough to affect health, usually linked with eating more energy than the body uses and with too little activity.

A state in which the body has lost more water than it has taken in, causing thirst, dark urine, tiredness, and, if severe, dizziness and heat illness.

Immediate, temporary care given to an injured or suddenly ill person before professional medical help arrives, aimed at saving life and preventing the condition from worsening.

A life-saving technique of rhythmic chest compressions, with rescue breaths if trained, used when a person's breathing and heartbeat have stopped.

First-aid care for a sprain or strain: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation, used to limit swelling and pain in the first hours after injury.

An injury in which the ligaments around a joint are stretched or torn, often from a sudden twist, causing pain, swelling, and difficulty in moving the joint.

An injury to a muscle or to the tendon joining it to bone, caused by overstretching or sudden strong contraction, producing pain and stiffness.

A safe side-lying posture for an unconscious person who is breathing, which keeps the airway open and lets fluids drain from the mouth.

A heat-related condition with heavy sweating, weakness, headache, and nausea, caused by loss of water and salt during hard activity in hot surroundings.

A steady, comfortable body posture practised in yoga, such as Tadasana or Bhujangasana, used to build strength, balance, and calm attention.

The yogic practice of controlling and regulating the breath through techniques of slow inhalation, holding, and exhalation, said to steady the mind and body.

A sequence of linked postures performed in a flowing order as a salute to the sun, giving a full-body warm-up and a gentle form of exercise.

The practice of sitting quietly and focusing attention on the breath, a word, or an image, to calm the mind and improve concentration and emotional balance.

In football, a player is offside when in the opponents' half, ahead of the ball and the second-last defender, and involved in play when the ball is passed.

Moving the ball forward under close control with small touches, using the feet in football or hockey and the hands in basketball.

Sending the ball to a teammate with a controlled kick, throw, or hit, so play advances while keeping possession away from opponents.

The ready position of a batter, with feet placed, knees slightly bent, and bat held up, allowing a quick response to the bowler's delivery.

Leaving the starting blocks or moving before the starting signal in a race; it brings disqualification, or a warning under older rules.

The moment in a relay race when one runner hands the baton to the next within the marked exchange zone; the baton must not be dropped or passed outside it.

A fixed device with two angled footplates that sprinters push against at the start of a race to gain a fast, powerful first drive forward.

Activity chosen freely in leisure time for enjoyment, relaxation, and refreshment of body and mind, rather than for work or competition.

The hours left free after work, study, and necessary duties, which a person may spend on rest, hobbies, games, or other chosen activities.

Spontaneous activity, especially among children, that is enjoyable in itself and helps develop movement skills, social rules, and creative thinking.

A practical ability learned through training that prepares a person for a particular job or trade, such as fitness instruction or sports officiating.

A trained professional who plans and leads exercise sessions, teaches sports skills, and guides learners towards fitness and healthy habits.

A period of supervised on-the-job training under an experienced worker, combined with related learning, which leads towards a recognised trade qualification.