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MAH B.Ed CET practice questions

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Question 1General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The Right to Education Act, which made elementary education a fundamental right in India, came into force in which year?

  1. 2005
  2. 2010 Correct answer.
  3. 2009
  4. 2012

Explanation

The 86th Constitutional Amendment inserted Article 21A in 2002, but the RTE Act implementing it was passed in 2009 and came into force on 1 April 2010. Candidates for B.Ed CET should distinguish the amendment year from the enforcement year.

Question 2General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which body prepares and conducts the National Eligibility Test (NET) for determining eligibility for Assistant Professor and Junior Research Fellowship in Indian universities?

  1. Central Board of Secondary Education
  2. National Council of Educational Research and Training
  3. University Grants Commission
  4. National Testing Agency Correct answer.

Explanation

Since 2018 the National Testing Agency has been the conducting body for UGC-NET, taking over from the CBSE which handled it earlier. The UGC remains the policy and eligibility authority, while NTA handles examination logistics.

Question 3General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The Kothari Commission, which shaped independent India's education structure, was appointed primarily to advise on which aspect of education?

  1. Reorganisation of secondary and higher education Correct answer.
  2. Vocational training for industry
  3. Women's literacy campaigns
  4. Medium of instruction in primary schools

Explanation

The Education Commission of 1964-66, chaired by D. S. Kothari, reviewed the entire educational system and recommended a common 10+2+3 structure with a focus on national integration and productivity. Its report is regarded as a blueprint for post-independence education reform.

Question 4General Knowledge and Current Affairs

In the Indian Constitution, education was moved from the State List to the Concurrent List by which amendment?

  1. 52nd Amendment
  2. 44th Amendment
  3. 24th Amendment
  4. 42nd Amendment Correct answer.

Explanation

The 42nd Amendment of 1976 transferred education from the State List to the Concurrent List, allowing both Parliament and state legislatures to legislate on it. This change underpinned later central legislation such as the RTE Act.

Question 5General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A teacher wants to apply the principle of 'learning by doing' in a primary classroom. Which activity best reflects this principle?

  1. Copying definitions of photosynthesis from the board
  2. Reading a chapter aloud from the textbook
  3. Listening to a recorded lecture on plants
  4. Growing a sapling and recording its growth Correct answer.

Explanation

Learning by doing, associated with Dewey and Gandhian basic education, requires learners to engage in purposeful activity and reflect on it. Growing and observing a sapling gives direct experience and record-keeping, which is active learning.

Question 6General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The National Education Policy 2020 replaced which earlier policy document?

  1. Kothari Commission Report 1966
  2. National Curriculum Framework 2005
  3. National Policy on Education 1986 Correct answer.
  4. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Framework 2001

Explanation

NEP 2020 is the successor to the National Policy on Education 1986, which was last revised in 1992. The Kothari report and NCF 2005 were advisory documents rather than national policies.

Question 7General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian scientist received the Nobel Prize in Physics for work on the scattering of light, an effect named after him?

  1. Vikram Sarabhai
  2. Homi J. Bhabha
  3. Satyendra Nath Bose
  4. C. V. Raman Correct answer.

Explanation

C. V. Raman won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovering the Raman effect, the inelastic scattering of light. The other scientists made major contributions to nuclear physics, quantum statistics, and space science respectively.

Question 8General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which organisation publishes the Human Development Index used to compare education, health and income across countries?

  1. United Nations Development Programme Correct answer.
  2. International Monetary Fund
  3. World Trade Organization
  4. World Bank

Explanation

UNDP publishes the annual Human Development Report, which contains the HDI based on life expectancy, education indices and per capita income. The World Bank and IMF focus on finance and development lending, not the HDI.

Question 9General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Article of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form?

  1. Article 21
  2. Article 15
  3. Article 14
  4. Article 17 Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 17 abolishes untouchability and makes its practice a punishable offence, and it is one of the few fundamental rights enforceable against private individuals. Article 14 guarantees equality before law and Article 15 prohibits discrimination on listed grounds.

Question 10General Knowledge and Current Affairs

In a B.Ed classroom, a teacher trainee explains that children construct knowledge by assimilating new experiences into existing mental structures. This view belongs to which theorist?

  1. Albert Bandura
  2. B. F. Skinner
  3. Jean Piaget Correct answer.
  4. Ivan Pavlov

Explanation

Piaget's constructivism describes learning through assimilation and accommodation, adjusting schemas as new experiences arise. Skinner and Pavlov are behaviourists, while Bandura is known for social learning theory.

Question 11General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian city hosts the headquarters of the National Council of Educational Research and Training?

  1. New Delhi Correct answer.
  2. Mumbai
  3. Kolkata
  4. Bengaluru

Explanation

NCERT is headquartered in New Delhi and functions under the Ministry of Education, producing the National Curriculum Framework and school textbooks. Other cities host different national bodies, such as the CBSE regional offices.

Question 12General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The term 'inclusive education' in Indian policy primarily refers to which arrangement?

  1. Selective admission based on entrance tests
  2. Home-based tutoring for disadvantaged children
  3. Education of all children in a common neighbourhood school Correct answer.
  4. Separate special schools for children with disabilities

Explanation

Inclusive education means all children, including those with disabilities and marginalised backgrounds, learn together in regular neighbourhood schools with necessary support. Segregation into special schools is the earlier exclusionary model that inclusion seeks to replace.

Question 13General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Sustainable Development Goal specifically targets inclusive and equitable quality education for all?

  1. SDG 3
  2. SDG 4 Correct answer.
  3. SDG 8
  4. SDG 1

Explanation

SDG 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all by 2030. The other goals cover poverty, health, and decent work respectively.

Question 14General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A student solves a mathematics problem faster after the teacher demonstrates the steps. Which concept best explains the student's improved performance?

  1. Latent learning
  2. Classical extinction
  3. Zone of proximal development Correct answer.
  4. Negative reinforcement

Explanation

Vygotsky's zone of proximal development describes the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance. A teacher demonstration scaffolds performance within that zone, enabling the learner to succeed with support.

Question 15General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act guarantees free education to children of which age group?

  1. 6 to 14 years Correct answer.
  2. 5 to 12 years
  3. 3 to 10 years
  4. 7 to 16 years

Explanation

Article 21A and the RTE Act guarantee free and compulsory elementary education to all children aged six to fourteen years. The age band corresponds to elementary schooling from Class I to Class VIII.

Question 16General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of these is the best example of a formative assessment task in a B.Ed practicum?

  1. A weekly reflective journal reviewed with feedback Correct answer.
  2. A board examination result sheet
  3. A final practical viva conducted by external examiners
  4. An annual written examination scored out of 100

Explanation

Formative assessment is ongoing and used to guide learning through feedback rather than to certify achievement. A reflective journal reviewed regularly allows the mentor to give feedback and the trainee to improve before final evaluation.

Question 17General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian reform introduced the 10+2+3 pattern of school and undergraduate education nationally?

  1. Hunter Commission
  2. National Policy on Education 1968
  3. Wood's Despatch
  4. Kothari Commission Report Correct answer.

Explanation

The Kothari Commission of 1964-66 recommended the uniform 10+2+3 structure, which the National Policy on Education 1968 endorsed and states adopted. Earlier documents predate the modern structure.

Question 18General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A teacher uses a reward chart that gives a star each time a child completes homework. Over time the child completes homework even without stars. This best illustrates which process?

  1. Punishment by removal
  2. Intrinsic motivation replacing extrinsic reinforcement Correct answer.
  3. Observational learning without reinforcement
  4. Extinction of a conditioned response

Explanation

When behaviour initially maintained by external rewards becomes self-sustaining, intrinsic motivation has taken over. This reflects internalisation of reinforcement rather than simple conditioning.

Question 19General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which body is responsible for conducting the MAH B.Ed CET for admission to B.Ed courses in Maharashtra?

  1. Directorate of Higher Education, Maharashtra
  2. Maharashtra State Council of Examination
  3. Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education
  4. State Common Entrance Test Cell, Maharashtra Correct answer.

Explanation

The State Common Entrance Test Cell, Maharashtra, conducts the MAH B.Ed CET along with other professional course entrance tests in the state. The MSCE and MSBSHSE handle school-level examinations, not this entrance test.

Question 20General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'equality of educational opportunity' in the Indian constitutional scheme?

  1. Providing identical facilities to every child regardless of background
  2. Limiting admission to students from urban areas
  3. Reserving all seats for socially backward classes
  4. Removing barriers so that disadvantaged groups can compete fairly Correct answer.

Explanation

Equality of opportunity means removing social, economic and physical barriers so that all children can participate fairly, often through targeted support and reservation. Identical treatment alone ignores unequal starting points.

Question 21General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which international agency publishes the Global Education Monitoring Report that tracks progress towards education goals?

  1. UNICEF
  2. World Health Organization
  3. UNESCO Correct answer.
  4. International Labour Organization

Explanation

UNESCO publishes the Global Education Monitoring Report, which monitors national and international progress towards education targets including SDG 4. UNICEF focuses on child welfare, while WHO and ILO address health and labour respectively.

Question 22General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A trainee teacher plans a lesson that moves from simple recall questions to analysis and evaluation tasks. Which framework is being applied?

  1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
  2. Bloom's revised taxonomy Correct answer.
  3. Erikson's psychosocial stages
  4. Kohlberg's moral development stages

Explanation

Bloom's revised taxonomy orders cognitive processes from remembering and understanding up to analysing, evaluating and creating. Sequencing tasks from recall to evaluation follows that hierarchy.

Question 23General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian constitutional amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years, reflecting the principle of early civic participation often discussed in civics education?

  1. 42nd Amendment
  2. 86th Amendment
  3. 61st Amendment Correct answer.
  4. 73rd Amendment

Explanation

The 61st Amendment of 1988 reduced the voting age for Lok Sabha and Assembly elections from 21 to 18. The 73rd dealt with panchayats and the 86th with education as a fundamental right.

Question 24General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A teacher notices that a child from a marginalised community is silent during group work despite knowing the answers. Which teacher response best reflects culturally responsive pedagogy?

  1. Pairing the child with supportive peers and using familiar examples Correct answer.
  2. Transferring the child to a lower-ability group
  3. Ignoring the silence since participation is voluntary
  4. Asking the child to speak only when confident

Explanation

Culturally responsive pedagogy recognises that participation patterns are shaped by social and cultural context and adjusts the learning environment accordingly. Pairing with supportive peers and using familiar contexts lowers barriers without stigmatising the learner.

Question 25General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which committee's report is credited with recommending a common school system to reduce inequality in Indian education?

  1. Mudaliar Commission
  2. Kothari Commission Correct answer.
  3. Sargent Report
  4. Radhakrishnan Commission

Explanation

The Kothari Commission recommended a common school system of public education to promote social cohesion and reduce disparities. The Radhakrishnan Commission focused on university education and the Mudaliar Commission on secondary education.

Question 26General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian commission is known as the first education commission after independence, and recommended the establishment of a University Grants Commission?

  1. Kothari Commission (1964)
  2. Radhakrishnan Commission (1948) Correct answer.
  3. Hunter Commission (1882)
  4. Mudaliar Commission (1952)

Explanation

The Radhakrishnan Commission, officially the University Education Commission of 1948, was the first education commission set up after independence. It reviewed university education and recommended the creation of a University Grants Commission to coordinate and maintain standards. The other commissions were formed later or during the colonial period and had different mandates.

Question 27General Knowledge and Current Affairs

In the context of the Indian Constitution, which fundamental duty relates to education?

  1. To provide free education to all children
  2. To pay taxes honestly
  3. To vote in elections
  4. To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 51A of the Constitution lists fundamental duties, and clause (h) states that it is the duty of every citizen to develop a scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform. This duty is directly connected to the aims of education. The other options are either not fundamental duties or are not education-related.

Question 28General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following is the best example of a summative assessment in a B.Ed practicum?

  1. A teacher observes students during a group activity and gives immediate feedback.
  2. A trainee uses a checklist to monitor student participation daily.
  3. A teacher asks students to submit a reflective journal weekly.
  4. A trainee administers a unit test at the end of a teaching unit to assign grades. Correct answer.

Explanation

Summative assessment occurs at the end of a learning period to evaluate student achievement against standards, often for grading or certification. A unit test administered at the end of a teaching unit is a classic example. The other options describe formative assessment practices that occur during instruction and provide ongoing feedback.

Question 29General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian policy document first recommended a 10+2+3 pattern of education, which was later adopted nationally?

  1. National Policy on Education 1986
  2. National Education Policy 2020
  3. Kothari Commission Report (1966) Correct answer.
  4. Wood's Despatch (1854)

Explanation

The Kothari Commission (1964–66) recommended a uniform 10+2+3 structure for school and undergraduate education across India. This recommendation was accepted and implemented by states over the following decades. The other documents either came later or proposed different structures.

Question 30General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, mandates that no child shall be held back or expelled until the completion of which level of schooling?

  1. Higher secondary education
  2. Secondary education
  3. Primary education
  4. Elementary education Correct answer.

Explanation

The RTE Act guarantees free and compulsory education to all children aged 6–14, which corresponds to elementary education (Classes I–VIII). Under Section 16, no child can be detained or expelled until the completion of elementary education. Primary education covers only Classes I–V, and secondary and higher secondary are beyond the Act's scope.

Question 31General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'inclusive education' as promoted by Indian policy?

  1. Educating children with disabilities in separate special schools
  2. Providing education only to children from disadvantaged groups
  3. Offering online education to children in remote areas
  4. Ensuring that all children learn together in mainstream schools with necessary support Correct answer.

Explanation

Inclusive education means that all children, regardless of their abilities or backgrounds, are educated together in mainstream schools. It involves adapting the school environment and providing support so that every child can participate and learn. The other options reflect segregation, targeted provision, or a delivery mode, none of which capture the core principle of inclusion.

Question 32General Knowledge and Current Affairs

The National Education Policy 2020 aims to achieve a Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) of 50% in higher education by which year?

  1. 2030
  2. 2025
  3. 2035 Correct answer.
  4. 2040

Explanation

The NEP 2020 sets a target of raising the GER in higher education from about 26% to 50% by 2035. This is part of the policy's broader vision for expanding access and equity in higher education. The other years do not match the policy's stated timeline.

Question 33General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following is an example of a non-formal education programme in India?

  1. A university's distance education degree programme
  2. A private coaching centre for competitive exams
  3. The Total Literacy Campaign Correct answer.
  4. A regular government primary school

Explanation

Non-formal education refers to organised educational activities outside the formal school system, often flexible and community-based. The Total Literacy Campaign, launched in 1988, is a classic example of non-formal adult education. The other options are either formal schooling, commercial coaching, or formal distance education.

Question 34General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which Indian body is responsible for the maintenance of standards in teacher education programmes, including B.Ed?

  1. National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) Correct answer.
  2. National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC)
  3. All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
  4. University Grants Commission (UGC)

Explanation

The National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) is the statutory body that regulates and maintains standards in teacher education, including B.Ed programmes. It sets norms for recognition of teacher education institutions. The UGC oversees university education broadly, NAAC assesses accreditation, and AICTE regulates technical education.

Question 35General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following best exemplifies the use of ICT for enhancing teaching-learning in a B.Ed classroom?

  1. A teacher uses a blackboard to write notes.
  2. A teacher shows a curated educational video and facilitates a discussion on it. Correct answer.
  3. A teacher asks students to memorise definitions from a textbook.
  4. A teacher assigns homework from a workbook.

Explanation

ICT integration involves using digital tools and resources to support and enhance learning. Showing a curated educational video and facilitating discussion uses technology to stimulate critical thinking and engagement. The other options rely on traditional methods without digital technology.

Question 36General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which international organisation publishes the Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report that tracks progress towards education-related Sustainable Development Goals?

  1. UNESCO Correct answer.
  2. UNICEF
  3. World Bank
  4. OECD

Explanation

The Global Education Monitoring Report is published by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. It monitors progress towards SDG 4 on quality education and informs policy. The other organisations produce different reports and do not publish the GEM Report.

Question 37General Knowledge and Current Affairs

A B.Ed trainee is asked to design a lesson plan that integrates assessment for learning. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate?

  1. Asking open-ended questions during the lesson to check understanding Correct answer.
  2. Using a rubric to grade a project after submission
  3. Conducting a final exam at the end of the term
  4. Assigning a grade based on attendance

Explanation

Assessment for learning is formative and occurs during teaching to inform instruction. Asking open-ended questions during the lesson allows the teacher to gauge understanding and adjust teaching in real time. The other strategies are summative or unrelated to learning assessment.

Question 38General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following is a key recommendation of the National Education Policy 2020 regarding the medium of instruction in early childhood education?

  1. English should be the sole medium from pre-primary level.
  2. Regional languages should be phased out by 2030.
  3. Sanskrit should be compulsory for all students.
  4. The mother tongue or home language should be the medium until at least Grade 5. Correct answer.

Explanation

NEP 2020 emphasizes the importance of the mother tongue or home language as the medium of instruction in early years, recommending it at least until Grade 5, preferably till Grade 8. This supports foundational learning and cognitive development. The other options contradict the policy's multilingual approach.

Question 39General Knowledge and Current Affairs

Which of the following is the primary objective of the Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) in Indian higher education?

  1. To improve access, equity and quality in higher education through strategic funding Correct answer.
  2. To replace all state universities with central universities
  3. To conduct a national entrance examination for all colleges
  4. To provide free laptops to all college students

Explanation

RUSA is a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2013 to fund and reform higher education at the state level. Its goals include improving access, equity and quality through infrastructure development and academic reforms. The other options are not objectives of RUSA.

Question 40General Knowledge and Current Affairs

In the context of Indian education, what does the term 'learning outcomes' refer to?

  1. The grades obtained by students in board examinations
  2. The number of hours teachers spend in the classroom
  3. The specific knowledge, skills and attitudes students should demonstrate by the end of a learning period Correct answer.
  4. The physical infrastructure available in schools

Explanation

Learning outcomes are clear statements of what learners should know, understand and be able to do as a result of a learning experience. They focus on measurable student achievements rather than inputs like teacher time or infrastructure. Grades are a measure but not the definition of learning outcomes.

Question 41Mental Ability and Reasoning

In a reasoning test for B.Ed admission, the series 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ? follows a consistent pattern. What number comes next?

  1. 36
  2. 35
  3. 38 Correct answer.
  4. 40

Explanation

The differences between consecutive terms are 3, 5, 7, 9, i.e. consecutive odd numbers increasing by 2. The next difference must be 11, so 27 + 11 = 38.

Question 42Mental Ability and Reasoning

A teacher writes the coded word for 'TABLE' as 'UBMFF'. Using the same code, how is 'CHAIR' written?

  1. EIBJS
  2. DHBJS
  3. DIBJS Correct answer.
  4. DIBKR

Explanation

Each letter of the word is shifted one place forward in the alphabet: T→U, A→B, B→C, L→M, E→F. Applying the same +1 shift to CHAIR gives D, I, B, J, S, that is DIBJS.

Question 43Mental Ability and Reasoning

Pointing to a photograph, Meera says, 'He is the son of my mother's only daughter.' How is the boy in the photograph related to Meera?

  1. Son Correct answer.
  2. Brother
  3. Cousin
  4. Nephew

Explanation

Meera's mother's only daughter is Meera herself, so the boy is the son of Meera. Therefore the boy is Meera's son, and the relation is direct descent.

Question 44Mental Ability and Reasoning

In a certain code, if 'pen' means 'book', 'book' means 'bag', and 'bag' means 'table', then what does a student use to carry notebooks to class according to this code?

  1. Pen
  2. Book
  3. Bag Correct answer.
  4. Table

Explanation

The object normally called a bag is coded as 'table', but the question asks what carries notebooks, which in ordinary terms is a bag. Under the substitution, the word 'bag' denotes a table, so the coded answer for the carrying object is 'bag'. Reading the substitution carefully, the label attached to the carrying item is 'bag'.

Question 45Mental Ability and Reasoning

Which number should replace the question mark in the analogy 8 : 64 :: 11 : ?

  1. 121 Correct answer.
  2. 144
  3. 111
  4. 132

Explanation

The relationship is that the second number is the square of the first: 8² = 64. Applying the same rule, 11² = 121.

Question 46Mental Ability and Reasoning

A clock shows 3:00. What is the angle between the hour hand and the minute hand?

  1. 120 degrees
  2. 90 degrees Correct answer.
  3. 45 degrees
  4. 60 degrees

Explanation

At 3:00 the minute hand points at 12 and the hour hand points at 3. Each hour mark spans 30 degrees, so three marks give 3 × 30 = 90 degrees.

Question 47Mental Ability and Reasoning

If in a class of 40 students, 25 like mathematics and 20 like science, and every student likes at least one of the two, how many like both subjects?

  1. 10
  2. 15
  3. 5 Correct answer.
  4. 20

Explanation

Using the inclusion-exclusion rule, n(M ∪ S) = n(M) + n(S) − n(M ∩ S). Substituting, 40 = 25 + 20 − x, so x = 5.

Question 48Mental Ability and Reasoning

Find the odd one out among the following groups of letters, based on the position of letters in the English alphabet.

  1. PR
  2. KM
  3. GI Correct answer.
  4. BD

Explanation

In BD, KM and PR, the two letters are separated by one letter (a gap of 2 positions). In GI the letters are separated by one letter as well, but G and I differ by 2 while the others also differ by 2, so the distinguishing feature is that GI contains a vowel. GI is the only pair containing a vowel.

Question 49Mental Ability and Reasoning

A man walks 5 km north, turns right and walks 3 km, then turns right again and walks 5 km. How far is he from his starting point and in which direction?

  1. 8 km south
  2. 3 km west
  3. 3 km east Correct answer.
  4. 5 km north

Explanation

Walking 5 km north then 5 km south cancels the north-south displacement. The only remaining displacement is the 3 km walked east after the first right turn, so he ends 3 km east of the start.

Question 50Mental Ability and Reasoning

Complete the series: AZ, BY, CX, DW, ?

  1. EU
  2. DV
  3. EV Correct answer.
  4. FV

Explanation

The first letters advance A, B, C, D, so the next is E. The second letters move backward Z, Y, X, W, so the next is V. Combining them gives EV.