UPMSP High School Moral, Sports & PE - Code 944 key terms

The principles and standards a person uses to judge right from wrong, together with the habit of acting on those standards in daily life even when nobody is watching.

The part of schooling that deliberately builds desirable qualities such as honesty, respect, responsibility and compassion, usually through stories, discussion, the teacher's example and everyday school routine.

The quality of telling the truth, keeping promises and refusing to cheat, steal or mislead, even when a lie would be easier or more profitable.

The ability to understand what another person is feeling and to respond with care, which is the root of kindness, tolerance and helpful behaviour towards classmates and strangers.

Control of one's own behaviour so that rules, time and duties are respected; in sport it means regular training, obeying the referee and staying calm under pressure.

The settled pattern of a person's habits, attitudes and moral choices, shown in how they behave when facing difficulty, temptation, victory or defeat.

The awareness that a person belongs to a community and must protect public property, follow traffic and sanitation rules, and behave courteously in shared spaces.

The eleven duties listed in Article 51A of the Indian Constitution, added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, which ask citizens to respect the Constitution, the national flag and the nation.

Love and loyalty towards one's country, expressed through respect for national symbols, readiness to serve society and honest work for the country's progress rather than mere slogans.

Working together with others, sharing tasks and putting the group's goal above personal glory; it is the basis of teamwork in games and of harmony in society.

The ability to guide, encourage and take responsibility for a group, shown by listening to members, making fair decisions and staying calm when the team is losing.

A planned school programme that uses games, sports, gymnastics and exercise to develop the body, mind, social behaviour and character of pupils along with their academic learning.

The capacity to carry out daily work and sport without undue fatigue and with enough energy left to meet emergencies, built from strength, endurance, flexibility and speed.

Growth is the measurable increase in body size, while development is the orderly improvement in function and skill; physical education supports both during childhood and adolescence.

Activity chosen freely for enjoyment and refreshment during leisure, such as games, music or hiking, which restores energy and reduces the strain of study and work.

A team contact game in which a raider crosses into the opponents' half chanting 'kabaddi' without a breath, touches defenders and returns home, while the defenders try to hold the raider.

A chasing game in which eight seated chasers give 'kho' by touching a teammate from behind, who then runs to tag an opponent; the field has two poles and a central lane.

A game of six players per side who hit a ball over a net without letting it touch the ground; points are won on every rally and players rotate clockwise on gaining the service.

A set of six legal deliveries bowled by one bowler from one end; after each over the bowling changes ends and a different bowler bowls the next over.

In football, an attacking player is offside if, when a teammate last plays the ball, they are in the opponents' half nearer the goal line than both the ball and the second-last defender, and then take part in play.

The usual running track is 400 m around, marked in lanes about 1.22 m wide; races up to 400 m are run in separate lanes and staggered so every runner covers the same distance.

A system of Indian discipline, from the Sanskrit word yuj meaning to join, that unites body, breath and mind through postures, breathing control, relaxation and meditation for health and self-control.

A steady, comfortable body posture practised in yoga, such as Bhujangasana or Vajrasana, held with normal breathing to improve flexibility, strength, balance and steadiness of the mind.

The regulation of breathing in yoga through slow, controlled inhalation, retention and exhalation, which calms the mind, improves lung capacity and helps control stress.

A flowing sequence of twelve yoga positions done with coordinated breathing, which exercises the whole body, warms up the joints and can serve as a short complete workout.

A short session of light jogging, stretching and sport-specific movements done before exercise to raise body temperature, loosen joints and reduce the risk of injury.

Exercise of moderate intensity, such as jogging, cycling or swimming, done steadily for several minutes so that oxygen supply meets demand; it strengthens the heart and lungs and burns fat.

Body Mass Index, calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres; it is a simple screening tool for underweight, normal, overweight and obesity in adults.

A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease, as defined by the World Health Organization.

Personal and public cleanliness practices such as bathing, handwashing, clean nails, safe drinking water and proper waste disposal, which prevent infection and keep the community healthy.

A diet that supplies all nutrients, namely carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water, in the right proportion for a person's age, sex and activity.

Immediate, temporary care given to an injured or suddenly ill person before professional medical help arrives, aimed at saving life, preventing worsening and easing pain.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: chest compressions given at 100 to 120 per minute and about 5 cm deep, with rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio, used when a person has stopped breathing or has no pulse.

Oral Rehydration Solution, a measured mixture of water, salt and glucose given in small frequent sips to a person losing fluid through diarrhoea, vomiting or heavy sweating.

The international multi-sport festival held every four years, with Summer and Winter editions, whose motto is Citius, Altius, Fortius - Communiter, meaning Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together.

India's highest sporting honour, given yearly by the Government of India for outstanding performance over the previous four years; it was renamed after hockey legend Dhyan Chand in 2021.

An Indian national award for sportspersons, instituted in 1961, given for consistent outstanding performance at international level along with good conduct and leadership.

A national award instituted in 1985 to honour coaches who have trained sportspersons to outstanding international performance; the name comes from the guru Dronacharya of the Mahabharata.

The spirit of competing honestly within the rules, respecting opponents, officials and the result, and refusing cheating, doping or violence in order to win.