Sports Organisation, Awards and Contributions of Sportspersons
Sports Organisation, Awards and Contributions of Sportspersons
This domain tests who runs Indian sport, which award fits which achievement, and what major athletes contributed.
Organisations
- Indian Olympic Association (IOA), founded 1927, New Delhi - National Olympic Committee; selects and enters Indian teams for the Olympics, Asian Games and Commonwealth Games.
- National federations: BCCI (cricket, 1928), AIFF (football, 1937), Hockey India, Badminton Association of India.
- Sports Authority of India (SAI), 1984 - training centres and athlete support; NSNIS Patiala, 1961 - coach education.
- Khelo India (2018) and Fit India (2019) are national grassroots programmes.
Awards
- Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna - highest sporting honour, instituted 1991–92; first recipient Viswanathan Anand.
- Arjuna Award (1961) - outstanding athlete performance.
- Dronacharya Award (1985) - coaches.
- Dhyan Chand Award (2002) - lifetime contribution.
- Tenzing Norgay Award (2004) - adventure sports.
- National Sports Day is 29 August, Dhyan Chand's birthday.
Sportspersons
- Dhyan Chand - hockey, Olympic gold in 1928, 1932 and 1936.
- Milkha Singh - 400 m, fourth at Rome 1960. P.T. Usha - 400 m hurdles, fourth at Los Angeles 1984.
- Abhinav Bindra - 10 m air rifle gold, Beijing 2008, India's first individual Olympic gold.
- Neeraj Chopra - javelin gold, Tokyo 2020.
- Mary Kom - six-time world boxing champion; Sachin Tendulkar - Bharat Ratna 2014; Kapil Dev - 1983 World Cup captain.
Worked example
A coach has produced three national champions and one Olympic medallist over ten years. Reasoning: the person is a coach, not an athlete, so Arjuna and Khel Ratna do not apply; the sustained coaching record points to the Dronacharya Award. The Dhyan Chand Award is for lifetime contribution by a sportsperson after retirement, not for coaching. Match the role first, then the achievement.
Traps
- Nominating a coach for Arjuna.
- Confusing the Khel Ratna with the Arjuna Award.
- Mixing Dhyan Chand's Olympic years.
- Forgetting that the Khel Ratna was renamed in 2021.