First Aid, Accident Behaviour and Legal Liability
What this domain covers
This domain tests immediate action at an accident scene: protection, calling help, first aid and the legal consequences of failing to act.
At the scene
- Stop, switch on hazard lights, and place the warning triangle about 15 m behind the vehicle in a built-up area and 30 m outside.
- Call 112 (unified), 102 (police) or 103 (ambulance).
- Do not move an injured person unless there is fire, risk of another collision or the person is not breathing.
- Give first aid: pressure on bleeding; 30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths for an adult who is not breathing; recovery position for an unconscious person who is breathing.
- Cool burns with water, immobilise suspected fractures, and keep the casualty warm.
Legal liability
- Administrative liability covers fines and licence penalties for traffic offences.
- Criminal liability can follow drink-driving, leaving the scene, or causing death or serious injury.
- Civil liability is handled through compulsory OSAGO insurance and, beyond its limit, by the driver.
Worked example
A motorcyclist is unconscious but breathing after a collision. The correct action is to place the rider in the recovery position, monitor breathing and call 103, not to sit them upright or give water.
Traps
- Moving an injured person to make them comfortable.
- Leaving the scene to fetch help instead of calling.
- Giving food or drink to an unconscious casualty.