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MA General Contractor practice questions

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Question 1Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Which body adopts and publishes the Massachusetts State Building Code, 780 CMR?

  1. The Massachusetts Architectural Access Board
  2. The local board of appeals in each city or town
  3. The Board of Building Regulations and Standards Correct answer.
  4. The Department of Fire Services

Explanation

The Board of Building Regulations and Standards (BBRS) adopts and publishes the state building code, 780 CMR. Local officials administer and enforce it within their municipalities.

Question 2Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Who issues building permits in a Massachusetts city or town?

  1. The local fire chief
  2. The Massachusetts Architectural Access Board
  3. The Board of Building Regulations and Standards
  4. The local building inspector Correct answer.

Explanation

Building permits are issued by the local building commissioner or inspector of buildings, who enforces the code in that municipality. State agencies do not issue local construction permits.

Question 3Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A building permit becomes invalid if the authorized work is not commenced within how many months after issuance?

  1. 3 months
  2. 12 months
  3. 6 months Correct answer.
  4. 24 months

Explanation

Under 780 CMR, a permit becomes invalid unless work begins within six months of issuance. It also becomes invalid if work is suspended or abandoned for six months after commencement.

Question 4Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Which inspection must be requested before concrete is placed in footings and foundations?

  1. Final inspection
  2. Insulation inspection
  3. Footing and foundation inspection Correct answer.
  4. Framing inspection

Explanation

Footings and foundations must be inspected after excavation and forms are ready but before concrete is placed. Covering work before inspection is not permitted.

Question 5Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A building inspector may issue a stop work order when:

  1. The owner requests a delay in construction
  2. A court order has first been obtained
  3. The certificate of occupancy has been issued
  4. Work violates the code or lacks a permit Correct answer.

Explanation

The building official may issue a written stop work order for work done contrary to the code or without a required permit. Work must stop until the official authorizes resumption.

Question 6Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Before occupying a newly constructed commercial building, the owner must obtain:

  1. A temporary sign permit
  2. A fire alarm permit
  3. A certificate of occupancy Correct answer.
  4. A demolition permit

Explanation

A certificate of occupancy confirms that the building complies with the code for its intended use and may be occupied. Occupying without it is a code violation.

Question 7Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

What document must be kept on the job site while permitted work is underway?

  1. The certificate of occupancy
  2. The building permit Correct answer.
  3. The contractor's license
  4. The zoning by-law

Explanation

The approved building permit and approved plans must be available on the site for inspection until the work is completed. This lets the inspector verify that the work matches what was approved.

Question 8Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

An owner who disagrees with a decision of the local building inspector may appeal to:

  1. The superior court directly
  2. The municipal board of appeals Correct answer.
  3. The local fire marshal
  4. The Board of Building Regulations and Standards directly

Explanation

Appeals of building official decisions are made first to the local board of appeals under the code's appeal provisions. Further review may be available from the BBRS.

Question 9Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A project requiring sealed construction documents must have those documents prepared by:

  1. A registered design professional Correct answer.
  2. The local board of appeals
  3. The general contractor
  4. The building inspector

Explanation

Where the code requires sealed plans, they must be prepared and stamped by a registered architect or professional engineer. The building official reviews but does not prepare them.

Question 10Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

When must the building official be notified for a framing inspection?

  1. After framing is complete but before it is covered Correct answer.
  2. After the drywall is installed
  3. Only at the final inspection
  4. After the certificate of occupancy is issued

Explanation

Framing must be inspected after it is complete and before it is concealed by insulation or finishes. Concealing work before inspection can require its removal.

Question 11Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

An existing retail space is converted to a restaurant. What must the owner obtain before the new use is occupied?

  1. A new certificate of occupancy reflecting the new use Correct answer.
  2. A demolition permit
  3. Only a business license
  4. A zoning variance in every case

Explanation

A change of use requires the building to comply with code requirements for the new occupancy and a new certificate of occupancy. A business license alone does not establish code compliance.

Question 12Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A one-story detached tool shed is exempt from a building permit when its floor area does not exceed:

  1. 100 square feet
  2. 150 square feet
  3. 120 square feet Correct answer.
  4. 200 square feet

Explanation

The code exempts one-story detached accessory structures used for storage or similar purposes when they do not exceed 120 square feet. The exemption does not apply if the structure contains plumbing or sleeping facilities.

Question 13Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

An owner-occupant obtains a building permit to work on their own single-family home. Which work still requires a licensed professional?

  1. Framing and sheathing
  2. Electrical and plumbing work Correct answer.
  3. Drywall finishing
  4. Interior painting

Explanation

Homeowners may perform certain building work on their own residence, but electrical and plumbing work must be done by licensed tradespeople. Separate electrical and plumbing permits are also required.

Question 14Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Carbon monoxide alarms are required in a dwelling unit when it contains:

  1. A screened porch
  2. A fuel-burning appliance or an attached garage Correct answer.
  3. Only electric baseboard heat
  4. A detached garage

Explanation

Carbon monoxide alarms are required where a dwelling contains fuel-burning appliances or has an attached garage. They are installed near sleeping areas according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Question 15Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Every sleeping room in a dwelling unit must have:

  1. An emergency escape and rescue opening Correct answer.
  2. A sprinkler head
  3. A carbon monoxide alarm
  4. A second exit door

Explanation

Sleeping rooms require an emergency escape and rescue opening, such as an operable window or door, that meets the code's size and sill height rules. This provides a means of escape for occupants and access for rescuers.

Question 16Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Which work is subject to special inspection under the building code?

  1. Landscaping
  2. Routine drywall hanging
  3. Structural welding and high-strength bolting Correct answer.
  4. Interior painting

Explanation

The building official may require special inspections for structural welding, high-strength bolting and similar work. Special inspectors report the results to the building official.

Question 17Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A temporary certificate of occupancy:

  1. Waives all fire code requirements
  2. Permanently replaces the certificate of occupancy
  3. Is issued only after final inspection
  4. Authorizes occupancy for a limited time or portion of the building Correct answer.

Explanation

A temporary certificate of occupancy allows limited occupancy while remaining work is completed, provided life safety is maintained. It expires on the date stated and does not replace the final certificate.

Question 18Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A blower door test is used to measure:

  1. Air leakage through the building envelope Correct answer.
  2. Fire-resistance ratings
  3. Water supply pressure
  4. Structural framing strength

Explanation

A blower door depressurizes the building to measure air leakage through the envelope. The energy code uses the result to verify envelope tightness.

Question 19Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A guard is required at the open side of a porch or stair where the vertical drop exceeds:

  1. 48 inches
  2. 30 inches Correct answer.
  3. 12 inches
  4. 18 inches

Explanation

Guards are required where the walking surface is more than 30 inches above the floor or grade below. The guard must meet the minimum height and opening limits in the code.

Question 20Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Structural calculations submitted with a permit application must be sealed by:

  1. The general contractor
  2. A registered professional engineer Correct answer.
  3. The local board of appeals
  4. The building inspector

Explanation

Structural calculations must be prepared and sealed by a registered professional engineer. The building official reviews them for code compliance.

Question 21Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A local board of appeals may grant a variance from the building code when:

  1. Practical difficulty exists and public safety is not harmed Correct answer.
  2. The neighbors do not object to the project
  3. The building has already been constructed
  4. The applicant prefers a different design approach

Explanation

A variance requires a showing of practical difficulty or hardship and must not compromise public safety, health or welfare. The board weighs the code's purpose against the applicant's circumstances.

Question 22Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

When a building official finds a structure to be dangerous, the official may:

  1. Transfer the case to the zoning board
  2. Demolish it immediately without any notice
  3. Order it vacated and repaired or demolished after notice Correct answer.
  4. Ignore it until the next permit application

Explanation

The building official may order a dangerous structure vacated and require repair or demolition. Notice and an opportunity to respond are provided before the municipality acts.

Question 23Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

The accessibility rules of 521 CMR apply primarily to:

  1. Only state-owned office buildings
  2. New construction and alterations of buildings open to the public Correct answer.
  3. Only one- and two-family homes
  4. Only buildings taller than four stories

Explanation

521 CMR, administered by the Massachusetts Architectural Access Board, governs accessibility in buildings open to the public, including new construction and alterations. One- and two-family homes are generally outside its scope.

Question 24Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Under Massachusetts law, a Construction Supervisor License is generally required for:

  1. Supervising most building construction work Correct answer.
  2. Only municipal projects
  3. Only work over four stories
  4. Only demolition work

Explanation

A Construction Supervisor License is required to supervise most construction within the scope of the building code. An owner-occupant of a single-family home may supervise their own project without the license.

Question 25Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A building official may revoke a building permit when:

  1. The project is ahead of schedule
  2. The owner requests a final inspection
  3. False information on the application or code violations Correct answer.
  4. The contractor changes a subcontractor

Explanation

A permit may be revoked where it was issued on false information or where the work violates the code. Revocation stops the work until the problems are corrected.

Question 26Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

Under 521 CMR, the accessible route within a building must provide a clear width of at least:

  1. 30 inches
  2. 24 inches
  3. 36 inches Correct answer.
  4. 32 inches

Explanation

521 CMR requires an accessible route to have a minimum clear width of 36 inches, so a person using a wheelchair can pass and turn. The 36-inch dimension applies continuously along the route, though it may be reduced briefly at certain permitted pinch points. Narrower widths of 24 to 32 inches apply to other features, not to the general accessible route.

Question 27Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A building official arrives to inspect work covered by an active permit, and the owner refuses to allow entry into the dwelling. The building official may:

  1. obtain a warrant or other lawful process authorizing entry Correct answer.
  2. enter the dwelling immediately without the owner's consent
  3. revoke the permit until the owner agrees to allow entry
  4. suspend all inspections on the property indefinitely

Explanation

The building official may enter a structure at reasonable times to inspect, but only with the consent of the owner or occupant. If entry is refused, the official must pursue a warrant or other lawful process rather than forcing entry. Revoking a permit or halting inspections is not the prescribed response to a refusal of entry.

Question 28Massachusetts Building Code, Permitting and Inspection

A permit applicant proposes an alternative material not specifically described in the code. The building official may approve the alternative only after determining that it:

  1. carries a listing from a testing laboratory for any use
  2. offers equivalent performance and safety Correct answer.
  3. has already been accepted by another municipal building department in Massachusetts
  4. is less costly than the material the code prescribes for the same assembly

Explanation

The code allows the building official to approve alternative materials and methods of construction that are not specifically prescribed, but only when the alternative is at least equivalent to the prescribed approach in quality, strength, fire resistance, durability, and safety. The official must make that equivalency finding on the record. Prior acceptance elsewhere, cost, or a listing issued for an unrelated use does not establish equivalency.

Question 29Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor records a mechanic's lien against a private project. The lien is best described as which of the following?

  1. An automatic transfer of title from the owner to the subcontractor
  2. A recorded charge on the property securing unpaid work Correct answer.
  3. A claim that reaches only the architect's unpaid design fee
  4. A personal judgment entered against the general contractor and its surety

Explanation

A mechanic's lien is a statutory security interest in the owner's real property that secures payment for labor, materials, or services that improved the property. It is not a judgment against a person and does not change ownership. It is enforced by a foreclosure action in which the property may be sold to satisfy the debt.

Question 30Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

In a two-party construction contract, the element of consideration consists of which of the following?

  1. Approval of the agreement by the building official
  2. A prior course of dealing between the parties
  3. A written acknowledgment notarized by both parties
  4. A bargained-for exchange of value Correct answer.

Explanation

Consideration is a benefit or detriment bargained for and exchanged by the parties, such as a promise to build in return for a promise to pay. It is what makes a promise enforceable. Formalities such as notarization and permit approval do not supply consideration.

Question 31Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor responds to a general contractor's bid solicitation by restating several terms and quoting a higher price. In contract law, this response is best described as which of the following?

  1. A counteroffer that rejects the original offer Correct answer.
  2. A void agreement requiring court approval
  3. An invitation to negotiate that leaves the original offer open
  4. An acceptance that binds the subcontractor to the original terms

Explanation

A response that varies the terms of an offer operates as a counteroffer and simultaneously rejects the original offer. The original offer is then no longer available for acceptance unless the offeror renews it. A contract forms only if the counteroffer is accepted.

Question 32Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor signs an unconditional waiver and release of lien in exchange for a progress payment. The waiver typically does which of the following?

  1. Waives only retainage held on the project
  2. Must be recorded with the registry of deeds to be effective
  3. Waives lien rights for the work covered by that payment Correct answer.
  4. Releases the owner from all future claims on the project

Explanation

An unconditional waiver takes effect when the stated payment is received and releases lien rights for the labor and materials furnished through the date or amount identified in the document. It does not reach work performed later or money not yet paid. Conditional waivers, by contrast, take effect only when the payment actually clears.

Question 33Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

Which of the following agreements must be in writing to be enforceable under the statute of frauds?

  1. A one-month equipment rental at a daily rate
  2. A purchase order for hand tools delivered next week
  3. A fourteen-month lease of a commercial warehouse Correct answer.
  4. An oral change order for extra framing labor

Explanation

The statute of frauds requires a writing for contracts that cannot be performed within one year, and a fourteen-month lease falls in that category. Short-term rentals, routine purchase orders, and most change orders can be enforced without a writing.

Question 34Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

Retainage withheld from progress payments is best described as which of the following?

  1. A percentage held back until the work is accepted Correct answer.
  2. A penalty imposed for late completion of the work
  3. A fee charged by the lender for administering construction draws
  4. A deposit refunded at the start of construction

Explanation

Retainage is a portion of each progress payment that the owner holds back as security until the work is complete and accepted, which gives the contractor an incentive to finish and correct punch-list items. It is released according to the contract once acceptance occurs. It is not a penalty and does not belong to the lender.

Question 35Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A contractor substantially completes a building, but several minor finish defects remain that could be fixed for a small sum. The owner refuses all further payment. Under the doctrine of substantial performance, the contractor is generally entitled to which of the following?

  1. The price less the reasonable cost of fixing the defects Correct answer.
  2. Nothing until every defect is corrected to the owner's satisfaction
  3. Only the value of the labor, with materials excluded
  4. The full contract price with no reduction for the defects

Explanation

When performance is substantial but not perfect, the contractor may recover the contract price reduced by the cost of curing the incomplete or defective items. The owner keeps the benefit of the bargain rather than getting a windfall. Recovery of nothing is reserved for material breach or willful abandonment.

Question 36Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A superintendent orally directs a subcontractor to perform extra work, and the subcontractor does it without any written change order. Which statement best describes the subcontractor's position?

  1. The subcontractor may recover under quasi-contract or waiver theories Correct answer.
  2. The subcontractor is barred from recovery because it failed to protest
  3. The subcontractor has no claim because change orders must always be written
  4. The subcontractor may recover only if the owner personally approved the work

Explanation

A written-change-order clause can be waived by the conduct of the party who directed the extra work, and a contractor that performs work at another's direction may recover its reasonable value in quasi-contract. The absence of the paperwork does not automatically extinguish the claim. The directing party's authorization, not the owner's personal signature, is the usual focus.

Question 37Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontract states that the subcontractor will be paid only if and to the extent the owner pays the general contractor. This language is best characterized as which of the following?

  1. A retainage schedule
  2. A pay-when-paid clause that merely establishes the time of payment
  3. A pay-if-paid clause shifting owner-default risk Correct answer.
  4. A liquidated damages provision

Explanation

Language making payment conditional on the owner's payment, rather than merely describing when payment will occur, is a pay-if-paid clause. It shifts the risk of owner nonpayment from the general contractor to the subcontractor. Courts construe such clauses narrowly because they are disfavored.

Question 38Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A construction contract sets a fixed per-day charge if the contractor finishes late. A court will generally enforce that charge when which of the following is true?

  1. The amount equals the contractor's entire contract balance
  2. Damages were hard to estimate and the sum is a reasonable forecast Correct answer.
  3. It is included in the original bid documents without negotiation
  4. The owner proves actual damages exceed the stated sum

Explanation

A liquidated damages provision is enforceable when actual damages would be difficult to estimate at the time of contracting and the stipulated amount is a reasonable forecast of probable loss. If it is a grossly disproportionate penalty, it is unenforceable. The owner need not prove actual damages once the clause is upheld.

Question 39Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

Some mechanic's lien statutes contain a 'relation back' provision. The effect of such a provision is that a timely recorded lien takes priority as of which of the following dates?

  1. The date the owner obtained permanent financing
  2. The date construction first commenced on the project Correct answer.
  3. The date the lien was recorded in the registry
  4. The date the subcontractor signed its contract

Explanation

Relation back gives a later-recorded lien the priority position it would have had when the improvement began, which protects builders against interests created after work started. Without relation back, a lien would rank only from its recording date. The doctrine is what makes a lender's later-recorded mortgage junior in many jurisdictions.

Question 40Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

On a public works project, an unpaid subcontractor generally pursues which of the following primary remedies?

  1. Recording a lien against the government building
  2. Filing a lis pendens on the site
  3. Making a claim against the payment bond Correct answer.
  4. Petitioning the court to attach the municipality's funds

Explanation

Mechanic's liens generally cannot attach to publicly owned property, so the payment bond required on public work stands in place of the lien. The subcontractor gives the required notices and then claims against the bond. This is why bond claims and lien claims are often described as parallel remedies.

Question 41Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

An owner furnishes design specifications that the contractor is required to follow, and the completed work fails because the design itself was defective. Under the doctrine of Spearin, the contractor is generally in which position?

  1. Strictly liable, because the contractor controls the means of construction
  2. Liable only if it failed to purchase additional insurance
  3. Liable for half the repair cost under comparative fault
  4. Not liable, because the owner warrants its own design Correct answer.

Explanation

Under Spearin, an owner that prescribes the design impliedly warrants that satisfactory performance will result from following it. A contractor that complies with the specified design is not liable for failure caused by the design's defects. The contractor remains responsible for its own means, methods, and workmanship.

Question 42Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

An owner plans to terminate a contractor for default. To reduce the risk that the termination is treated as a breach by the owner, the owner should generally do which of the following?

  1. Give the contractor notice and an opportunity to cure Correct answer.
  2. Wait until the scheduled completion date has passed
  3. Pay the full contract balance before terminating
  4. Obtain the surety's written consent before issuing the notice

Explanation

Termination for cause is valid only if the contractual grounds exist and the contractual procedure is followed, which usually includes written notice and a cure period. Skipping the procedure can convert a justified termination into a wrongful one. The surety's consent is not required, though the surety must be notified under the bond.

Question 43Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

Under Massachusetts home improvement contractor rules, a written home improvement contract must give the homeowner which of the following?

  1. A right to cancel only if the contractor is unregistered
  2. An automatic one-year warranty on all labor and materials
  3. A ten-day right to demand a lower price
  4. A three-business-day right to cancel the contract Correct answer.

Explanation

Massachusetts requires home improvement contracts to disclose a three-business-day right of cancellation, and the contractor must provide the required cancellation notice form. Contracts must also contain other mandated terms such as the registration number and payment schedule. The right to cancel belongs to the homeowner regardless of the contractor's registration status.

Question 44Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor has a good-faith dispute over the amount owed and cashes a check that conspicuously states it is full payment of all claims. Under the rule governing accord and satisfaction by negotiable instrument, the subcontractor generally is in which position?

  1. May return the check within thirty days to revive its claim
  2. Keeps the right to sue because it endorsed the check under protest
  3. Is bound by the settlement if the dispute was bona fide Correct answer.
  4. Loses its claim only if it signed a separate release

Explanation

When a party tenders a negotiable instrument marked as full satisfaction of a disputed claim and the claimant knowingly cashes it, the claim is discharged. The dispute must be bona fide and the notation conspicuous. A protest notation on the back of the check does not preserve the larger claim.

Question 45Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor records a mechanic's lien in a timely manner under Massachusetts law. To keep the lien enforceable, the subcontractor must bring an action to enforce it within which period?

  1. Six months after substantial completion
  2. 90 days after recording the lien Correct answer.
  3. One year after recording the lien
  4. 30 days after recording the lien

Explanation

Massachusetts requires the lienholder to commence an action to enforce the lien within 90 days after the lien is recorded, and to give notice of the filing to the owner. Missing the deadline dissolves the lien. Recording itself must also occur within the statutory window measured from the last day of work.

Question 46Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontract requires the subcontractor to indemnify the general contractor for all claims arising on the job, including those caused solely by the general contractor's own negligence. Under Massachusetts construction indemnity law, that provision is which of the following?

  1. Enforceable because sophisticated parties may allocate risk freely
  2. Enforceable only if the subcontractor's insurance covers the claim
  3. Void in its entirety, including coverage of the sub's own negligence
  4. Void to the extent it covers the GC's sole negligence Correct answer.

Explanation

Massachusetts voids indemnity clauses in construction contracts to the extent they would make one party indemnify another for the other's sole negligence. The offending portion is severed, so the promise to indemnify for the subcontractor's own negligence generally survives. The statute protects against transferring the consequences of one's own fault.

Question 47Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A subcontractor submits a bid that the general contractor relies on in preparing a successful sealed bid. The subcontractor then discovers a clerical error and refuses to perform. Applying promissory estoppel, a court will most likely do which of the following?

  1. Hold the sub liable for the GC's reliance damages Correct answer.
  2. Excuse the sub because no contract was formed with the GC
  3. Enforce the full subcontract price regardless of the error
  4. Shift liability to the owner because the owner accepted the general bid

Explanation

A subcontractor's bid can be binding under promissory estoppel when the general contractor reasonably and foreseeably relies on it in making a bid, even without a formal acceptance. The usual measure is the reliance interest, such as the difference between the bid and the cost of replacement, rather than the full contract price. A clerical error may reduce but does not automatically eliminate liability.

Question 48Contract Law, Liens and Business Practices

A general contractor disputes a recorded subcontractor lien and wants the encumbrance removed from the title while the dispute is litigated. The customary mechanism is which of the following?

  1. Filing a petition with the local building inspector
  2. Recording a bond to discharge the lien Correct answer.
  3. Recording a notice of lis pendens against the property
  4. Obtaining the surety's consent to release the lien

Explanation

Recording a bond in the statutory amount discharges the lien from the title and substitutes the bond as the security for the claimant, allowing the project to be sold or financed while the dispute proceeds. The lien claimant then looks to the bond rather than the property. A lis pendens, by contrast, gives notice of litigation and clouds title further.

Question 49Plan Reading, Estimating and Project Layout

A floor plan is drawn at a scale of 1/4 inch = 1 foot. A wall measures 3 1/2 inches on the drawing. How long is the actual wall?

  1. 10 feet
  2. 24 feet
  3. 18 feet
  4. 14 feet Correct answer.

Explanation

At 1/4 inch = 1 foot, each 1/4 inch on paper equals 1 foot in the field, so each full inch represents 4 feet. Multiplying 3.5 inches by 4 feet per inch gives 14 feet.

Question 50Plan Reading, Estimating and Project Layout

On a floor plan, a straight line drawn from a wall with a quarter-circle arc at its free end represents which of the following?

  1. A wall opening with no door
  2. A window with a fixed panel
  3. A roof drain location
  4. A door leaf and its swing Correct answer.

Explanation

The straight line shows the door leaf in its open position and the arc traces the path of the swinging edge. Together they indicate both the hinge side and the direction of swing.