Norway Category D Bus Theory Test key terms

The duty to give way to other traffic at junctions, roundabouts or crossings, shown by signs, road markings or the general rule of giving way from the right.

The default right-of-way rule at unmarked junctions: you must give way to vehicles approaching from your right, unless signs or markings say otherwise.

A road where traffic on it has priority, marked by the yellow diamond sign; vehicles joining from side roads must give way to you.

A circular junction where traffic already in the ring has priority and entering drivers give way; indicate on exit and watch for long vehicles cutting the inner lane.

A marked pedestrian crossing where drivers must give way to pedestrians who are on or about to step onto it, slowing down well in advance.

A mandatory full stop at a stop sign or line before entering a road, regardless of whether other traffic is visible.

The area around a bus that the driver cannot see directly or in the mirrors; large on the right side and in front, so check carefully before moving off or turning.

Mirrors fitted to give the driver a view along both sides and the front of the bus; they must be adjusted and clean, and checked before every manoeuvre.

A camera showing the area behind the bus on a monitor; it supplements but never replaces direct observation and mirror checks when reversing.

The bus's service brake, parking brake and auxiliary retarder system, which must be tested before driving and kept in full working order.

Air-operated brakes common on heavy buses; pressure must build to normal operating level before driving, and low-pressure warnings must never be ignored.

An auxiliary braking device, such as an engine brake or hydraulic retarder, that slows the bus on long descents and reduces wear on the service brakes.

The pre-trip walk-around and function check of lights, tyres, brakes, steering, mirrors, doors and emergency equipment that the driver must carry out before driving.

The statutory periodic technical inspection of the bus at an approved test station, confirming that it meets roadworthiness requirements at the required intervals.

The way a driver uses steering, gears, brakes and acceleration to handle the bus smoothly, safely and economically in all conditions.

Reducing speed early and gradually before hazards, bends or descents, using engine braking and retarders rather than late hard braking.

The curve the bus follows when turning; long vehicles need a wide sweep, so swing out and watch the rear overhang and inner wheels.

A driving style that anticipates other road users' mistakes, keeps a safe margin and plans escape routes rather than reacting at the last moment.

A following-distance guide: stay at least three seconds behind the vehicle ahead in good conditions, and more in rain, darkness or heavy traffic.

The distance a bus travels from the moment braking begins until it stops; it grows with speed, load and slippery roads, and is longer than for a car.

The seat belt fitted at every passenger seat and the driver's seat; passengers must be told to use it and the driver must wear it where fitted.

A marked exit such as an emergency door, break-glass window or roof hatch, kept unobstructed and shown to passengers at the start of a journey.

Getting everyone off the bus quickly and safely in an emergency, using the nearest usable exits and leading passengers to a safe gathering point.

The safety announcement and signage giving passengers seat-belt, exit and behaviour information, especially important for school and tourist groups.

The EU/EEA rules limiting daily driving to nine hours (ten twice a week) and requiring breaks and daily rest, recorded on the tachograph.

The tachograph recording driving, work, availability and rest; the driver must use it correctly, keep records and produce them for inspection.

The required uninterrupted rest periods between shifts and within the working day, which must be taken and recorded so fatigue does not build up.

The maximum permitted weight of the bus including passengers, fuel and luggage; it must never be exceeded and is stated in the vehicle documents.

The weight carried by a single axle or axle group, limited by law and by the vehicle's design; uneven loading can overload one axle.

Securing luggage, equipment and any cargo so it cannot shift or fall during braking, cornering or sudden manoeuvres, protecting passengers and stability.

The bus's length, width and height, which determine where it can drive and park; height matters for bridges and tunnels, length for turning.

Immediate basic care at an incident: securing the scene, checking breathing, stopping bleeding, keeping the casualty warm and calling emergency services.

The emergency number 113 for medical help and 110 for fire; call early, give location and casualty details, and follow the operator's instructions.

Using the bus's fire extinguisher on a small fire while keeping an escape route open; if the fire grows, evacuate and call the fire service.

Driving smoothly with early gear changes, steady speed, anticipation and minimal idling to cut fuel use, emissions and wear.

The emissions, noise and fuel consumption a bus causes; good planning, load management and eco-driving reduce the environmental footprint.