PNG CASA CPL Air Law flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

CASA PNG role

CASA PNG is the PNG civil aviation safety regulator. It licenses personnel, registers aircraft, issues airworthiness and operator certificates, and conducts surveillance and enforcement under the Civil Aviation Act.

Ministerial direction limits

The Minister may give written general directions to CASA PNG, but cannot direct individual certification or enforcement decisions. Directions are tabled in Parliament and must be consistent with the Act.

PNG rule-making process

PNG Civil Aviation Rules are made by the Minister on the Director's recommendation, must align with ICAO Annexes, and are disallowable instruments subject to parliamentary scrutiny.

Shall versus should

In PNG CARs, 'shall' or 'must' creates a binding requirement, while 'should' or 'may' indicates guidance or an option. Advisory circulars describe acceptable means of compliance but are not law.

Equivalent level of safety

CASA PNG may approve an alternative to a rule only on written application and formal approval before use, where the alternative achieves an equivalent level of safety.

CPL minimum requirements

A PNG CPL requires minimum age 18, prescribed aeronautical experience, passes in the CPL written examinations, and a flight test to the licence standard with an approved examiner.

CPL privileges

A CPL holder may act as pilot in command of aircraft in non-airline commercial operations and as co-pilot in airline operations, subject to ratings and current recency.

90-day passenger recency

Before carrying passengers, a pilot must have made three take-offs and three landings in the same type within the preceding 90 days; night recency requires the landings at night.

Class 1 medical

A Class 1 medical certificate is required to exercise CPL privileges. Any limitation stated on the certificate, such as corrective lenses, is binding on the pilot.

P2 registration mark

PNG-registered aircraft carry the nationality mark 'P2-' followed by the registration. The certificate of registration proves nationality, not airworthiness.

Certificate of airworthiness

A certificate of airworthiness is issued when the aircraft conforms to an approved type design and is safe to operate. It remains valid only while maintenance and inspections are current.

Airworthiness Directives

Airworthiness Directives are mandatory. The operator must comply by the stated date and record the action in the maintenance records, which CASA PNG may inspect.

Final reserve fuel

Final reserve fuel is the minimum fuel that must remain on landing and is not available for normal planning. Landing below final reserve must be reported as an occurrence.

PIC emergency authority

The pilot in command has final authority for the flight and may deviate from rules to the extent necessary in an emergency, reporting the deviation when requested.

Class A airspace

Class A airspace permits IFR flights only, and ATC provides separation between all aircraft. VFR flight is not permitted in Class A airspace.

Clearance read-back

Read-back is mandatory for clearances involving route, level, heading, speed and runway. A clearance that is not correctly read back is not confirmed.

Lost communication squawk

Squawk 7600 for radio failure, 7700 for emergency and 7500 for unlawful interference. Mode C altitude reporting is required in designated airspace.

PAPI guidance

A PAPI provides visual glidepath guidance. A pilot must not descend below the published obstacle clearance path even if the lights indicate a lower path.

Runway holding position

A runway holding position is marked by signs and markings. An aircraft must not cross it without an explicit clearance from ATC where ATC is in operation.

AIC independence

The PNG Accident Investigation Commission investigates accidents and serious incidents independently of CASA PNG. Its sole objective is prevention, not assigning blame.

Accident notification duty

The pilot in command or operator must notify an accident or serious incident to the AIC and ATC as soon as practicable, using the fastest available means.

Preserving accident evidence

The operator must preserve wreckage, records, CVR and FDR data and must not move wreckage except to save life, prevent further damage or with AIC authority.

Chicago Convention sovereignty

The Chicago Convention affirms that each state has complete sovereignty over its airspace, so foreign aircraft need permission to fly over or into PNG.

Annex 6 scope

ICAO Annex 6 covers operation of aircraft: Part I international commercial air transport, Part II international general aviation, and Part III international helicopter operations.

Montreal Convention liability

The Montreal Convention 1999 governs carrier liability for international carriage, covering passenger death or injury, baggage and cargo damage, and delay.

Dangerous goods documentation

The shipper must classify, pack, mark and document dangerous goods. The pilot in command must receive a written transport document and accept the consignment.

Lithium battery carriage

Spare lithium batteries must be carried in carry-on baggage, not checked baggage. Restrictions apply to watt-hour rating and quantity per passenger.

Aircraft noise certificate

An aircraft must hold a valid noise certificate for its type. Operations must follow published noise abatement procedures and any aerodrome curfew.

Flight plan activation

A flight plan must be filed for IFR and international flights, then activated and closed. Failure to close a flight plan triggers alerting and search action.

Operations manual compliance

Crew must operate in accordance with the approved operations manual, which contains procedures, limitations, routes and emergency checklists for the operation.

Technical log defect entry

A defect affecting airworthiness must be rectified or deferred under an approved minimum equipment list before further flight, and recorded in the technical log.

Just culture reporting

Honest errors should be reported without fear of punishment, while wilful violations and gross negligence remain subject to enforcement action by CASA PNG.