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Question 1General Education
Each of the students ___ required to submit a project before Friday.
- have been
- is Correct answer.
- are
- were
Explanation
The subject of the sentence is 'Each,' an indefinite pronoun that is always singular, so it takes a singular verb. The phrase 'of the students' does not change the number of the subject. In the present tense, a singular subject takes 'is.'
Question 2General Education
A shirt priced at 800 pesos is on sale at a 25% discount. What is the sale price?
- 650 pesos
- 625 pesos
- 550 pesos
- 600 pesos Correct answer.
Explanation
The discount is 25% of 800, which equals 200 pesos. Subtracting the discount from the original price gives 800 - 200 = 600 pesos. Equivalently, the sale price is 75% of 800.
Question 3General Education
Which gas is released into the atmosphere by plants during photosynthesis?
- Oxygen Correct answer.
- Nitrogen
- Carbon dioxide
- Hydrogen
Explanation
In photosynthesis, plants use carbon dioxide and water to produce glucose, and oxygen is released as a by-product. The oxygen comes from the splitting of water molecules in the light-dependent reactions. Carbon dioxide is taken in, not released.
Question 4General Education
Who served as the first President of the Malolos Republic?
- Jose P. Laurel
- Emilio Aguinaldo Correct answer.
- Manuel L. Quezon
- Andres Bonifacio
Explanation
Emilio Aguinaldo headed the revolutionary government and was inaugurated as President of the First Philippine Republic at Malolos in 1899. Quezon led the Commonwealth, and Laurel headed the wartime republic under Japan. Bonifacio led the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangan Katipunan.
Question 5General Education
Anong tayutay ang ginamit sa pangungusap na "Ang mga mata ni Ana ay bituin sa kalangitan"?
- Pagmamalabis
- Personipikasyon
- Pagwawangis Correct answer.
- Pagtutulad
Explanation
Ang pagwawangis ay tuwirang paghahambing na hindi gumagamit ng mga salitang 'tulad ng,' 'parang,' o 'kasing.' Sa halimbawa, direktang inihahambing ang mga mata sa bituin nang walang panandang paghahambing.
Question 6General Education
Choose the word closest in meaning to "meticulous."
- Careless
- Hasty
- Thorough Correct answer.
- Idle
Explanation
'Meticulous' describes someone who shows great attention to detail, which matches 'thorough.' The other choices suggest the opposite of carefulness or effort.
Question 7General Education
What is the least common multiple of 6 and 8?
- 12
- 16
- 48
- 24 Correct answer.
Explanation
List multiples of 6 (6, 12, 18, 24) and of 8 (8, 16, 24). The smallest number appearing in both lists is 24. The LCM must be a multiple of both numbers.
Question 8General Education
In which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer mainly found?
- Troposphere
- Mesosphere
- Stratosphere Correct answer.
- Thermosphere
Explanation
Most atmospheric ozone is concentrated in the stratosphere, where it absorbs much of the sun's ultraviolet radiation. Weather and clouds occur in the troposphere, below the ozone layer.
Question 9General Education
Between you and ___, the plan seems far too risky.
- me Correct answer.
- myself
- I
- mine
Explanation
A pronoun following a preposition such as 'between' must be in the objective case, so 'me' is correct. 'I' is the subjective form and cannot serve as the object of a preposition.
Question 10General Education
If 3x + 5 = 20, what is the value of x?
- 15
- 7
- 5 Correct answer.
- 3
Explanation
Subtract 5 from both sides to get 3x = 15, then divide both sides by 3 to get x = 5. Checking: 3(5) + 5 = 20.
Question 11General Education
A passenger continues to lurch forward when a bus suddenly stops. Which law of motion explains this?
- Law of inertia Correct answer.
- Law of action and reaction
- Law of universal gravitation
- Law of acceleration
Explanation
The law of inertia states that an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net external force. When the bus stops, the passenger's body tends to keep moving forward. This is Newton's first law of motion.
Question 12General Education
Which branch of the Philippine government has the power to declare a law unconstitutional?
- Executive
- Judiciary Correct answer.
- Legislative
- Local government
Explanation
Judicial review, the power to strike down acts that violate the Constitution, belongs to the courts, which comprise the judiciary. The executive implements laws while the legislature enacts them.
Question 13General Education
Alin sa mga sumusunod ang pandiwa sa pangungusap na "Mabilis na tumakbo ang bata"?
- mabilis
- ang
- tumakbo Correct answer.
- bata
Explanation
Ang pandiwa ay salitang nagpapahayag ng kilos o aksyon. Sa pangungusap, ang 'tumakbo' ang nagsasaad ng kilos na ginawa ng bata. Ang 'mabilis' ay pang-abay na naglalarawan sa kilos.
Question 14General Education
"The wind whispered through the trees" is an example of which figure of speech?
- Simile
- Personification Correct answer.
- Hyperbole
- Metaphor
Explanation
Personification gives human qualities or actions to nonhuman things; whispering is a human action attributed to the wind. A simile would require 'like' or 'as,' and hyperbole would involve exaggeration.
Question 15General Education
Two angles of a triangle measure 45° and 65°. What is the measure of the third angle?
- 70° Correct answer.
- 65°
- 80°
- 60°
Explanation
The interior angles of a triangle always sum to 180°. Subtracting the known angles gives 180 - 45 - 65 = 70°.
Question 16General Education
Which cell organelle is referred to as the powerhouse of the cell?
- Nucleus
- Mitochondrion Correct answer.
- Chloroplast
- Ribosome
Explanation
Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration, converting glucose into usable ATP energy, which earns them the nickname powerhouse. Ribosomes build proteins, and the nucleus stores genetic material.
Question 17General Education
The Philippines was a founding member of which regional organization established in 1967?
- ASEAN Correct answer.
- European Union
- APEC
- United Nations
Explanation
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations was founded in Bangkok in 1967 with the Philippines as one of its five original members. APEC began in 1989, and the United Nations was founded in 1945.
Question 18General Education
Which nutrient group is the body's primary and most quickly used source of energy?
- Carbohydrates Correct answer.
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Proteins
Explanation
Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which cells use readily for energy. Proteins serve mainly for growth and repair, while vitamins and minerals regulate body processes without supplying energy.
Question 19General Education
Marta glanced at the dark clouds, picked up her umbrella, and hurried out the door. What can be inferred from this sentence?
- She forgot her keys.
- She plans to stay home all day.
- She is going to the beach.
- It is likely to rain. Correct answer.
Explanation
An inference is a conclusion drawn from clues rather than stated directly. The dark clouds and the umbrella together strongly suggest that rain is expected.
Question 20General Education
If 4 notebooks cost 120 pesos, how much will 7 notebooks cost at the same rate?
- 210 pesos Correct answer.
- 200 pesos
- 180 pesos
- 190 pesos
Explanation
Set up the proportion 4/120 = 7/x, or find the unit price of 120 ÷ 4 = 30 pesos per notebook. Multiplying 7 by 30 gives 210 pesos.
Question 21General Education
In a poem, a rose blooming in a ruined garden most likely functions as a symbol of which idea?
- The innocence of childhood
- Hope persisting amid destruction Correct answer.
- The dangers of ambition
- The fleeting value of wealth
Explanation
A symbol is an object that represents an abstract idea, and the contrast between a living rose and a ruined garden points to life and hope enduring after devastation. The other interpretations do not account for the ruin surrounding the flower.
Question 22General Education
A bag contains 5 red and 3 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random without replacement. What is the probability that both are red?
- 25/64
- 5/16
- 3/14
- 5/14 Correct answer.
Explanation
The probability that the first ball is red is 5/8, and with one red removed the second is 4/7. Multiplying gives 20/56, which simplifies to 5/14. Because drawing is without replacement, the second probability changes.
Question 23General Education
Two heterozygous tall pea plants (Tt) are crossed. What fraction of the offspring is expected to be short?
- 1/4 Correct answer.
- 0
- 3/4
- 1/2
Explanation
A Tt × Tt cross yields genotypes TT, Tt, Tt, and tt in equal proportions. Only tt produces the recessive short phenotype, so 1 of 4 offspring, or 1/4, is expected to be short.
Question 24General Education
The Bill of Rights of the 1987 Philippine Constitution is found in which article?
- Article III Correct answer.
- Article I
- Article VI
- Article II
Explanation
Article III of the 1987 Constitution is titled the Bill of Rights and guarantees civil liberties such as due process and freedom of speech. Article I covers the national territory and Article II the declaration of principles.
Question 25General Education
Ano ang tawag sa kuwento tungkol sa mga diyos at diyosa ng isang kultura?
- Anekdota
- Alamat
- Mitolohiya Correct answer.
- Pabula
Explanation
Ang mitolohiya ay koleksyon ng mga kuwento tungkol sa mga diyos, diyosa, at kabayanihan na nagpapaliwanag ng pinagmulan ng mga bagay. Ang alamat ay tungkol sa pinagmulan ng isang lugar o bagay, at ang pabula ay gumagamit ng mga hayop bilang tauhan.
Question 26General Education
In the sentence 'The committee finally reached a consensus after hours of debate,' what does consensus mean?
- A sudden delay in the meeting
- General agreement among the members Correct answer.
- A formal complaint submitted to the chair
- Strong disagreement among the members
Explanation
Consensus means a shared agreement reached by a group. The phrase 'after hours of debate' signals that the members finally came to a common decision.
Question 27General Education
What is 15% of 240?
- 60
- 24
- 48
- 36 Correct answer.
Explanation
Fifteen percent is equivalent to 0.15, and 0.15 multiplied by 240 equals 36. It can also be computed as 10% of 240 plus 5% of 240, which is 24 plus 12.
Question 28General Education
Which planet is commonly called the Red Planet because of its reddish appearance?
- Jupiter
- Mars Correct answer.
- Venus
- Mercury
Explanation
Mars appears reddish because its surface contains iron oxide dust. This distinctive color is why it is commonly called the Red Planet.
Question 29General Education
Ano ang kasalungat ng salitang 'malawak'?
- makitid Correct answer.
- mababa
- malalim
- matarik
Explanation
Ang 'malawak' ay tumutukoy sa malaking lawak o lapad. Ang kasalungat nito ay 'makitid,' na nangangahulugang maliit ang lapad o saklaw.
Question 30General Education
Which document is considered the supreme law of the Philippines?
- The Civil Code
- The Local Government Code
- The Revised Penal Code
- The 1987 Constitution Correct answer.
Explanation
The Constitution is the fundamental law that establishes the structure of government and protects basic rights. Other laws and regulations must conform to it and cannot override it.
Question 31General Education
Choose the correct verb: 'The list of applicants ___ posted on the bulletin board.'
- is Correct answer.
- have been
- were
- are
Explanation
The subject of the sentence is the singular noun 'list,' not the plural noun 'applicants.' The prepositional phrase 'of applicants' does not change the number of the subject, so the singular verb 'is' is correct.
Question 32General Education
A rectangle has a length of 8 cm and a width of 5 cm. What is its perimeter?
- 20 cm
- 40 cm
- 26 cm Correct answer.
- 13 cm
Explanation
The perimeter of a rectangle is calculated as 2 times the sum of its length and width. Here, 2 times (8 + 5) equals 2 times 13, which is 26 cm.
Question 33General Education
What process do plants use to make food from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide?
- Photosynthesis Correct answer.
- Transpiration
- Digestion
- Respiration
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. Respiration releases energy, while transpiration is water loss through leaves.
Question 34General Education
A recipe uses 3 cups of flour to make 12 cookies. At the same rate, how many cups of flour are needed to make 30 cookies?
- 7.5 cups Correct answer.
- 9 cups
- 10 cups
- 6 cups
Explanation
If 12 cookies require 3 cups, then each cookie requires 3 divided by 12, or 0.25 cup. Multiplying 30 cookies by 0.25 cup gives 7.5 cups.
Question 35General Education
Which sentence correctly shows that the projects belong to several students?
- The students's projects were displayed.
- The students projects were displayed.
- The student's' projects were displayed.
- The students' projects were displayed. Correct answer.
Explanation
The plural noun 'students' ends in s, so its possessive form takes an apostrophe after the s. The correct form is 'students',' meaning the projects belong to multiple students.
Question 36General Education
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
- Pulmonary vein Correct answer.
- Aorta
- Pulmonary artery
- Superior vena cava
Explanation
The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. This is an exception to the general rule that veins carry deoxygenated blood.
Question 37General Education
Which principle divides government powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches?
- Judicial review
- Decentralization
- Checks and balances
- Separation of powers Correct answer.
Explanation
Separation of powers allocates lawmaking, execution, and adjudication to distinct branches of government. Checks and balances is related but refers to each branch restraining the others.
Question 38General Education
Alin ang pang-abay sa pangungusap na 'Maagang dumating ang guro'?
- ang
- guro
- dumating
- Maagang Correct answer.
Explanation
Ang 'maagang' ay naglalarawan sa pandiwang 'dumating' at nagsasabi kung kailan nangyari ang kilos. Dahil ito ay nagbibigay-turing sa pandiwa, ito ay pang-abay.
Question 39General Education
The average of five numbers is 18. If four of the numbers are 15, 20, 16, and 22, what is the fifth number?
- 17 Correct answer.
- 18
- 16
- 19
Explanation
If the average of five numbers is 18, their total sum is 5 times 18, or 90. The four given numbers add up to 73, so the fifth number is 90 minus 73, which is 17.
Question 40General Education
The hallway was silent, the lights were off, and every office door was locked. Which conclusion is best supported by these details?
- The workers were on strike.
- The building was likely empty. Correct answer.
- A fire had just started.
- A meeting was in progress.
Explanation
Silence, darkness, and locked doors together suggest that no people were present in the hallway or offices. The details do not provide evidence for a meeting, a fire, or a strike.
Question 41General Education
In a closed container, 10 g of reactant A reacts completely with 15 g of reactant B. What is the mass of the products formed?
- 15 g
- 25 g Correct answer.
- 5 g
- 10 g
Explanation
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. In a closed system, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products, so 10 g plus 15 g gives 25 g.
Question 42General Education
What is the primary purpose of taxation?
- To raise revenue for public services Correct answer.
- To choose elected officials
- To eliminate all private businesses
- To determine criminal guilt
Explanation
Taxes are mainly collected to fund government operations and public services such as education, health, and infrastructure. Other purposes may be secondary, but revenue generation is the primary function.
Question 43General Education
Using π = 22/7, what is the area of a circle with a radius of 7 cm?
- 308 cm²
- 616 cm²
- 154 cm² Correct answer.
- 44 cm²
Explanation
The area of a circle is π times the square of the radius. Using 22/7 for π and 7 cm for the radius gives (22/7) times 49, which equals 154 cm².
Question 44General Education
In the sentence 'She stayed home because it was raining,' which word is the conjunction?
- raining
- stayed
- She
- because Correct answer.
Explanation
A conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses. In this sentence, 'because' connects the main clause 'She stayed home' with the reason clause 'it was raining.'
Question 45General Education
A wet towel dries faster on a windy day because moving air ____.
- increases humidity around the towel
- carries water vapor away from the towel Correct answer.
- lowers the towel's temperature only
- chemically reacts with the water
Explanation
Evaporation occurs faster when the air near the wet surface is replaced by drier air. Wind carries water vapor away, keeping the humidity near the towel lower and allowing more water to evaporate.
Question 46General Education
If log₂ x = 5, what is the value of x?
- 25
- 64
- 32 Correct answer.
- 10
Explanation
The equation log₂ x = 5 means that 2 raised to the fifth power equals x. Since 2⁵ = 32, the value of x is 32.
Question 47General Education
A solution has a pH of 3. How many times more acidic is it than a solution with a pH of 5?
- 2 times
- 100 times Correct answer.
- 1000 times
- 20 times
Explanation
The pH scale is logarithmic, so each one-unit decrease represents a tenfold increase in acidity. A difference of two pH units therefore means 10², or 100 times, greater acidity.
Question 48General Education
Which correction should be made to the sentence 'Neither the manager nor the employees was aware of the change'?
- Change 'aware' to 'awareness'
- Change 'Neither' to 'Either'
- Change 'employees' to 'employee'
- Change 'was' to 'were' Correct answer.
Explanation
With the correlative conjunction 'neither...nor,' the verb agrees with the subject nearer to it. The nearer subject is the plural noun 'employees,' so the verb should be 'were.'
Question 49General Education
Under the principle of jus sanguinis, how is citizenship primarily acquired?
- By birth within the country's territory
- By naturalization after long residence
- By descent from a citizen parent Correct answer.
- By marriage to a citizen
Explanation
Jus sanguinis means the 'right of blood,' so citizenship is acquired through descent from a parent who is a citizen. It is distinguished from jus soli, which bases citizenship on place of birth.
Question 50General Education
Ano ang tayutay sa pahayag na 'Ang buhay ay isang paglalakbay'?
- pagtutulad
- metapora Correct answer.
- personipikasyon
- pagmamalabis
Explanation
Ang metapora ay tuwirang paghahambing ng dalawang bagay na hindi gumagamit ng salitang 'tulad' o 'parang.' Sa pahayag, direktang inihahambing ang buhay sa isang paglalakbay.