Language and communication (grammar, vocabulary, text structure)
Language and communication (grammar, vocabulary, text structure)
This domain covers grammar (parts of speech, sentence structure, agreement, tense, case), vocabulary (synonyms, antonyms, word formation, context clues), and text structure (cohesion, coherence, paragraphing, connectors). You need to know parts of speech in Romanian: noun (substantiv), verb (verb), adjective (adjectiv), adverb (adverb), pronoun (pronume), preposition (prepoziție), conjunction (conjuncție), interjection (interjecție). Also sentence types (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory) and phrases (nominal, verbal).
Traps: Questions may ask you to identify the function of a word in context, not its dictionary meaning. For example, "luminos" can be adjective or adverb depending on use. Another trap is agreement between subject and predicate, especially with collective nouns or inverted order. Also, connectors (e.g., "dar", "deci", "totuși") show logical relationships; misreading them can change meaning.
Rule of thumb: For grammar, substitute the word with a pronoun or change the sentence to test its role. For vocabulary, use context: look at surrounding words for clues. For text structure, identify the topic sentence and how each sentence connects to it.
Worked example: Sentence: "Copiii aleargă fericiți în parc." Question: What is the syntactic function of "fericiți"? It describes the children's state while running, so it is a subject complement (nume predicativ) or adjective modifying the subject. In Romanian, it agrees in number and gender with "copiii" (masculine plural).