Slovakia Maturita Physics study guide
Slovakia Maturita Physics · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
Fyzika je jedným z voliteľných predmetov maturitnej skúšky na slovenských stredných školách. Maturitná skúška z fyziky je určená študentom gymnázií a stredných odborných škôl, ktorí chcú z fyziky maturovať - často preto, že pokračujú v štúdiu technických, prírodovedných alebo medicínskych odborov, kde sa znalosti fyziky overujú pri prijímacom konaní. The Slovakia Maturita Physics study guide has 7 sections and about 2,019 words.
01Mechanika
Mechanika on the maturita is mostly kinematics, Newton's laws, momentum, work-energy and a little statics. Be fluent with the kinematic equations for constant acceleration (v = v₀ + at, s = v₀t + ½at², v² = v₀² + 2as), free fall, and the difference between distance and displacement.
330 words, about 2 min02Termodynamika a molekulová fyzika
This domain covers the ideal gas law (pV = nRT or pV = NkT), the first law of thermodynamics (ΔU = Q − W, with W done by the gas), and heat quantities Q = mcΔT and latent heat Q = mL. Understand internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on temperature, and that isothermal, isobaric, isochoric and adiabatic processes each hold one quantity fixed.
305 words, about 2 min03Elektromagnetizmus
Expect Coulomb's law, electric field and potential, capacitance, Ohm's law, series and parallel resistors, electric power, and the magnetic effects of currents (force on a wire F = BIl·sin α, force on a moving charge, and electromagnetic induction with Faraday's law). Know that electric field lines point from positive to negative, and that potential decreases along field lines.
289 words, about 1 min04Optika
Optika covers reflection, refraction (Snell's law n₁sin α₁ = n₂sin α₂), total internal reflection, lenses and mirrors (thin-lens equation 1/f = 1/a + 1/a′, magnification m = −a′/a), and wave optics: interference, diffraction and the spectrum. Know that light slows in a denser medium, that the critical angle satisfies sin α c = n₂/n₁, and that a converging lens has positive focal length.
277 words, about 1 min05Kmity, vlny, akustika
Simple harmonic motion (SHM) has displacement x = A·sin(ωt), with ω = 2π/T = 2πf. For a spring-mass system ω = √(k/m); for a pendulum T = 2π√(l/g).
271 words, about 1 min06Fyzika mikrosveta a atómová fyzika
This domain spans the structure of the atom (nucleus of protons and neutrons, electrons), the photon model E = hf, the photoelectric effect, atomic spectra and energy levels (E = hf for emitted/absorbed photons), and nuclear physics: alpha, beta and gamma decay, the mass–energy relation E = mc², and half-life. Know the notation for nuclides (A = mass number, Z = proton number) and that beta-minus decay converts a neutron into a proton, increasing Z by one.
274 words, about 1 min07Astronómia a fyzika Zeme
Expect the basics of the solar system (planets, Kepler's laws, the Sun as an energy source), stars and stellar evolution, galaxies, and the scale of the universe. For Earth physics, know the seasons (caused by axial tilt, not distance), day and night, phases of the Moon, eclipses, and Earth's magnetic field.
273 words, about 1 min